对于英语 ,做为一名从事农村中学英语教育工作的教师,有许多的无能为力,:如:现行中学英语教材内容编写走城市化道路,淡化了乡土意识,背离农村需要,人为地增加了教学的难度和学习的难度,让我们乡下教师遭遇了很多的尴尬。又如:教材内容编写使农村学生不能顺利学以致用,更不能将所学语言运用自如地表达自己身边的事物,使英语教学成为空中楼阁,而且弱化了学生热爱家乡建设家乡的意识。有一次一个学生家长邀请我去家访,凑巧村里游人来找我的学生给翻译一种药的配用说明书,因为中文的说明书让他人给弄丢了,配用说明书很简单,可是我的学了几年英语的学生就是傻了眼了,不能怪他啊,教材没有这些内容,末了别人问:“那你在学校都学了些啥英语?”学生答:“就学些单词。”于是就有人指这院子里的三轮车问:“这用英语咋说?”学生又答不上,急了便说:“谁还学这个,都啥时代了!”还有:在大学生们用笔记本电脑做课堂笔记,朋友之间用电子邮件互通消息的年代,一笔好字真的重要吗?书法教育的重要性是否超出了一般人的认识?学英语的人都渴望自己能写一笔漂亮的连笔草书,对于以英语为母语的人来说,用连笔草书写字长期被视为一个成人理所应当掌握的技能。但在电脑当道的信息时代,还有必要学写字吗?英语写字教育真的还重要吗? 格雷厄姆说,书写的熟练程度影响着写作的流畅性,这在年龄较小的学生中尤其如此。因为当他们在把注意力放在书写字母时,他们有可能忘记自己想要写什么。“我们写作时,有时候处在一种‘奔涌’的状态中,思想稍纵即逝。”格雷厄姆说,“想一想1年级的小孩,他们1分钟才写10个单词,在写的过程中要把一整句话记住是多么费力。你书写得越慢,你忘记你要写的内容的可能性就越大。”一笔好字还会带来好成绩。举例来说,书写较好的学生,考试得分高于书写较差的学生,尽管他们书写的内容相同。这是格雷厄姆在另一个研究中发现的。“老师在批改学生试卷,对答题内容进行评估的时候,很难不考虑卷面书写是否清楚明晰。” 此外,“重要的是培养各方面的技能,而不仅仅是练笔体。在练习书写的过程中,你能提高手的技能,以及眼手协调能力。”写字教师蒙尼说,“有的年轻人擅长速记,而不擅长使用键盘。” 中学英语教材中同龄的城市孩子们的生活仿佛就是由乘飞机旅行、踢足球、上网、发伊妹儿、交网友、吃麦当劳和肯德基、和同学去剧院或电影院等等我们的农村的孩子们甚至教师们也遥不可及和做梦也不知道咋回事儿的事情构成,他们谈论凯迪克拉和福特,他们的一件T恤的标价是128RMB,这怎能不让一个天天看着自己面朝黄土背朝天、含辛茹苦而每日平均收入不超过20RMB的父母的敏感的而脆弱的孩子们的心里油然而生一钟自卑而自怜的意识来?甚或会对我们的整个社会进行质疑:为什么我们在同一片蓝天下,却有着如此的不一样?而他们仅仅是因为他们生活在城市吗?教材里反映的生活是多么有趣,多么美妙,他们由此而生对城市的向往和嫉妒,对我们这个社会的不满,我们透过马加爵事件有看到这一点么?(马加爵事件难道仅仅是因为我们社会的冷漠和大学的管理松散?)如果没有,那么对于被马加爵杀害的四名同学来说是一种遗憾,而对于活着的人,对于我们整个的社会秩序,却是一种潜在的威胁:谁会是第二个马加爵? 城市学生见面说:“Wa,you are so cool!”而们农村的孩子见面说:“吃饭了没?”;城市的孩子们看到“TEXI”或“Mdonalds” 就象看见自己身上的衣服一样司空见惯,而农村的孩子要查字典才能知道它们到底什么;城市的少年听着优美的英文`歌曲,发各种夹杂着英语的E-meil,而农村的孩子却连一台最便宜的录放机也买不起;当农村孩子和他的父母亲跌打滚爬在泥土里时,城市里很多的孩子在幼儿园里熟练地唱:“见面见面说hello ,再见再见是bye bye,姐姐妹妹是sister、、、”;泥土给予农村孩子的质朴的同时也赐于他们沉默和害羞,当他们上这种必需开口说的完全陌生的英语课时,其学习氛围整体呈现一片空白,加上农村的特殊环境,有关英语语言的媒体和信息几乎没有,你不可能在这些地方找到一本英语的杂志或报刊,因此在感性上他们感觉不到学习英语的必要性和乐趣,学习动力严重不足(因为很多学生在中学阶段对上大学的希望感到非常渺茫,加上近几年考上了大学的农村学生就业的不理想和学费的高抬使他们并不热衷于“学而优则仕”)。这些学生学习英语的兴趣本就不高甚至没有兴趣,老师费尽心力地培养出的兴趣很快随学科难度的增加和课堂任务的增多而付诸东流,最后考出的成绩可想而知是多么尴尬。面对这样的成绩,难道我们能庆幸我们保存了本土文化,自觉抵制了西方文化的侵袭? 农村学校英语教学活动孤立无援,生源质量低,教师出力不讨好,事倍而功半,教师尴尬:因为学科的特殊性,农村英语 教学活动得不到应有的信息和支持;农村办学规模小,一个年级一般只有一两个教师,英语 教学活动教研活动孤立无援, 教学思路受到限制;生源基础差,据统计每年初高中进校录取成绩城乡相差达200多分。面对这些情况和上面的几种情况,农村英语教师付出了大量的辛勤劳动,(因农村中学多为住宿生,为加强督导,做为代主课的英语教师必须在早、晚自习到班辅导监督)投入他`们所有的心力,学生的成绩仍赶不上城市。这就象两个农民进行同样的耕耘同样的付出而种的土地却一个贫瘠一个肥沃,一个是荒芜的而一个是历经文明的洗礼的,他们的收获会一样吗?而社会对他们的收成的期望值却并无两样。 由于生源危机进一步突出,进一步造成新一轮诚乡差别,对原本举步唯艰的农村学校无异于雪上加霜,财政赤子有时会逼得他们挺而走险置收费政策于不顾,或变象挪用教师工资福利置教师利益于不顾、、、、、、等等。要是真正做到:教育思想:变“以英语为本”为“以人为本”;教育目标:变“以掌握知识为主”为“以培养综合能力为主” ;教学原则:变“以教师为中心”为“以学生为主体” ;课堂模式:变“以教定学”为“以学定教” ;评价体系:变“单一的终结性评价”为“形成性评价与终结性评价相结合”。 那么,推行在基础阶段强调书写、语音等基础知识,而在作品选读时精选经典作品的华章彩段,写出有自己见解的评论文章出来、阅读文学作品,从整体上去感受体验,学生会有所震动,有所启迪也许可行。且英语教育中的文化教育语言是文化的载体,是文化的主要表现形式。语言是随着民族的发展而发展的,语言是社会民族文化的一个组成部分。不同民族有着不同的文化、历史、风俗习惯和风土人情等,各民族的文化和社会风俗又都在该民族的语言中表现出来。语言离不开文化,文化依靠语言,英语教学是语言教学,当然离不开文化教育。
A Brief Analysis of english teaching in senior high school:Classroom teaching is the main way for students to learn English. But in senior high school, a lots of probelms still exsit in the English teaching especially in the teaching of reading and writing. In this paper, the importance and methods of reading and writing will be further discussed. Key words: reading writing techniques
Introduction: Classes should be learner-centered, with meaningful, functional activities, often, classes begin by finding out what the students don’t know. These classes operate on the assumption that there is a great deal of information that students lack and that the teacher and textbooks will impact that information to the students. Teachers who hold this assumption view students as plants waiting passively to be fed and watered. But I think the students should be regarded as explorers, active learners who bring a great deal to the learning process and at the same time, draw from their environment as they develop new understandings. The basic principle will be used in the teaching of reading and writing.There are many reasons why getting students to read English texts is an important part of the teacher’s job. In the first place, many of them want to be able to read texts in English either for their careers, for study purposes or simply for pleasure. Anything we can do to make reading easier for them must be a good idea. Reading texts provide good models for English writing, provide opportunities to study language vocabulary, grammar, punctuation, and the way to construct sentences, paragraphs and texts. Lastly, good reading texts can introduce interesting topics, stimulate discussion, excite imaginative responses and be the springboard for well-rounded, fascinating lessons. The last but not the least, students must read widely because only a fraction of knowledge about the world can come from other experiences in their short lives. When the teachers give reading class to students, they should notice a balance----a balance to be struck between real English on the one hand and the students’ capabilities and interests on the other. There is some authentic written material which beginner students can understand to some degree: menus, timetables, signs and basic instructions, for example, and, where appropriate, teachers can use these. But for longer prose, teachers can offer their students texts, which, while being like English, are nevertheless written or adapted especially for their level. Anyway, the materials to be read should be interesting and meaningful. Teachers should become better acquainted with books written specially for teenagers and dealing with their problems.What are the principles behind the teaching of reading? No one has learned to swim by practicing the skills of backstrokes, flutter kicks or treading water while staying on the edge of the swimming pool. Yet, in the teaching of reading teachers often do just that. Rather than let the students into “the water”, teachers keep them in skills books learning rules about letters, syllables or definitions of words rather than letting them into the book itself, permitting them to be immersed in the language which comes from the authors as the readers try to reconstruct the written message.
看来,不仅教师在教学中要重视语言基础,强化语言文化导入,甄别文化之间的差异,而且希望教材的编写也能思考农村的实际情况,以减少学生在学习中的障碍,只有这样,才能在实际中正确掌握和运用语言。