爱华网
国际儿童节的设立，和发生在二战期间一次著名的屠杀--利迪策惨案有关。1942年6月12日，德国法西斯枪杀了捷克利迪策村16岁以上的男性公民 140余人和全部婴儿，并把妇女和90名儿童押往集中营。村里的房舍、建筑物均被烧毁，好端端的一个村庄就这样被德国法西斯给毁了。第二次世界大战结束后，世界各地经济萧条，成千上万的工人失业，过着饥寒交迫的生活。儿童的处境更糟，有的得了传染病，一批批地死去;有的则被迫当童工，受尽折磨，生活和生命得不到保障。为了悼念利迪策惨案和全世界所有在战争中死难的儿童，反对虐杀和毒害儿童，以及保障儿童权利，1949年11月，国际民主妇女联合会在莫斯科举行理事会议，各国代表愤怒地揭露了帝国主义分子和各国反动派残杀、毒害儿童的罪行。为了保障世界各国儿童的生存权、保健权 和受教育权，为了改善儿童的生活，会议决定以每年的6月1日为国际儿童节。当时的很多国家表示赞同，特别是社会主义国家。
世界上许多国家都将6月1日定为儿童的节日，尤其是在社会主义国家。在欧美国家，儿童节的日期各不相同，而且往往很少举行社会公众性的庆祝活动。因此有人误解为只有社会主义国家才将6月1日定为国际儿童节。
为了保障全世界儿童的权益，1949年11月，国际民主妇女联合会在莫斯科召开执委会决定，将每年6月1日作为国际儿童节。新中国成立后，中央人民政府政务院于1949年12月23日规定，将中国的儿童节与国际儿童节统一起来。
Establishment of the International Children's Day , and the occurrence of a famous during World War II massacre - Lidice tragedy related. June 12, 1942 , the German fascists shot Czech village of Lidice male citizens over the age of 16 , more than 140 people of all babies, and women and 90 children taken to concentration camps. The village houses, buildings were burned, a village hey Germany and France and it was ruined . After World War II , the recession around the world, thousands of workers unemployed , the hungry live life . The worse the situation of children , and some had an infectious disease , died in droves ; others are forced to work as child labor, tortured life and life can not be guaranteed . To mourn the Lidice tragedy and all the world's children who lost their lives in the war , oppose murder and poisoning of children, and to protect the rights of children , in November 1949 , the International Federation of Democratic Women's Council Meeting held in Moscow , delegates angrily exposed the imperialists and reactionaries kill , poison crimes against children . In order to protect the world of children 's rights to survival , health and education , in order to improve the lives of children , it was decided in the annual June 1 International Children's Day. Many countries agreed at the time , especially the socialist countries.
Many countries will be June 1 as the festival of children , especially in the socialist countries. In western countries, Children's Day dates vary, often with little celebrations of the public . So it was misunderstood as only socialist country before the June 1 as the International Children's Day.
In order to protect the interests of the world's children , in November 1949 , the International Federation of Democratic Women's Executive Committee decided to convene in Moscow on June 1 of each year as the International Children's Day . After the founding of New China , the Central People's Government Administration Council on December 23, 1949 regulations, the China Children's Day and International Children's Day unified.
