爱华网【英语写作讲座】
分析原因（1）
佳中
分析原因是英语写作常写的段落，通常出现在第二段。分析原因段通常可用
两种模式：全段一般是4～6句，词数100词左右。
●常用模式（1）
起段句（可有可无）
原因1） 主句 ＋扩展句(1～2句)
原因2） 主句 ＋扩展句(1～2句)
（原因主句后通常有补充句，如主句较长，意思清楚，也可不加补充句。）
范例（1）
Directions:(1999考研考题)
提纲：1）Effect of the country’s growing human population on itswildlife
2）Possible caused forthe effect.
3）Your suggestion for wildlifeprotection
范文
There are two mainreasons for this effect. One reason is that, with therapid
growth ofpopulation, people need more and more land to grow crops and buildhouses
to live in. As aresult, there is less and less land and space for thewildlife.
Another reason isthat a great number of factories constantly dischargeharmful
wastes, whichheavily pollute the environment. This pollution, together withother
factors, hasresulted in a serious ecological problem. All this has made it moreand
more difficult forthe wildlife to survive. Therefore, as the populationincreases,
more and morespecies of wildlife becomeextinct.
(103 words)
译文
造成这种结果有两大原因：一个原因是，随着人口快速增长，人们需要更多的土地耕种，更
多的土地建造房屋，所以野生动物生存的土地和空间越来越少。另一个原因是，大批工厂不断地
排放有害废物，严重地污染了环境，加上其他原因，导致了严重的生态问题。所有这些使野生动
物越来越难以生存。因此，随着人口的增加，有越来越多的野生动物物种灭绝。
范例（2）
题目：Single Women
提纲：1）Describe the chart
2）Analyzethe possible reasons
3）Give your comment
构思
第2段：起段：单身妇女人数增加有如下原因
原因：1）社会经济发展 机遇与挑战大为了事业宁愿单身。
2）接受高等教育高收入阶层 选择终身伴侣挑剔。
范文
The growing numberof single women in the big cities lies in the following
reasons. For onething, the rapid social development poses both greaterchallenges
and opportunitiesto women. For fear of missing their career opportunities,many
women choose tolead the single life. For another, more and more women havereceived
higher education.They possess professional skill, ability and knowledge, andbelong
to the high-incomeclass. Naturally, they are very critical in choosingtheir
marriage partners.Many young men feel threatened by a highly-educated womanand
hesitated to marrysuch alady.
93 words)
译文
市单身女性数增多有以下原因。首先，社会的飞速发展对女性提出更大的挑战，同时也提供
更大的机遇。许多女性担心失去事业，宁愿过单身生活。其次，越来越多的女性受过较高的教育，
具有专业技能和知识，属于高收入阶层。很自然，她们在选择婚姻伴侣上非常挑剔，而许多年轻
男子面对学历高的女性有威胁感，要与这样的女性结婚他们总显得犹豫不决。
范例（3）
题 目：WhatHappens in a University’s Library?
提纲：1）Describe the drawing and interpret itsmeaning.
2）Explain the reasons for the phenomenon.
3）Give your opinion or suggestions.
构思
第2段：分析大学生越来越少光顾图书馆原因。
1. 大学生获得各种信息的来源大增。
2. 大学生受拜金主义的影响，丧失对学术研究的兴趣。
范文
Among other things,the following might be the most crucial factors. Tobegin
with, informationresources have expanded exponentially over the decades,ranging
from VCDs toonline databases. What’s worth noting is the advent of theInternet,
which providescollege students with easier access to various data withoutburying
themselves intobooks and journals. In addition, the impact of the market economyand
money worshipposes great threat to the function of libraries. Many collegestudents
have lost interestin serious academic research and are busy with part-time jobsand
businesses, thusrarely visiting libraries for information to completeresearch
papers.
(101 words)
在诸多原因中，下列原因也许是最重要的原因。首先，在过去的几十年里信息资源，从VCD
到在线数据库，大幅度扩大，尤其是互联网的出现使大学生容易地获取各种数据资料，而不用将
自己埋头于各种书籍和期刊。另外，市场经济的影响和拜金主义对图书馆构成了巨大威胁，许多
大学生对严谨的学术研究失去了兴趣，忙于兼职和经营生意，因此很少去图书馆查阅资料撰写研
究论文。
范例（4）
题目：Illegal Mobile PhoneMessages
提纲：1）Describe the drawing briefly
2）Explain the reasons for the phenomenon.
3）give your comment on the phenomenon
构思
第2段： 分析手机违法短信泛滥的原因：
1）匿名使用。
2）轻信受骗。
范文
With the rapid development of communications technology, mobilephones have
become a mostconvenient means of communication. But certain disreputablepeople
take advantage ofthis new communication tool to go in for illegalactivities.
Since mobilephones can be used anonymously, the identity of these illegal usersis
difficult todiscover. On the other hand, there are some simple-minded peopleamong
us who are easilycheated and misled by such mobile messages. They aredreamingly
hoping for goodluck. It is their desire for money or sex that is exploited byevil
people.
（93words）
译文
随着通讯技术的迅速发展,手机已经成为最便捷的通信工具。但一些不法份子利用这一新的
通信工具从事非法活动。由于移动电话可以使用匿名,这些不法份子的身份很难发现。另一方面,
我们中有些人头脑单纯,很容易被这些短信欺骗误导。他们梦想交上好运。不法份子正是利用了
他们对金钱或对性的想望。
范例（5）
题目：
提纲：1）describe the photos briefly
2）analyzethe cause of the phenomenon
3）offeryour comments on it
构思
第2段：阐明城市人为什么去农村度假旅游的原因
（从城市问题与农村优势两方面对比分析）
范文
With the development of modern society, the disparity between thecity and the
countryside hasbeen gradually diminishing. The people’ view on thecountryside
has been radicallychanged. The people living in the cities can enjoy many
advantages, butmeanwhile they have to suffer from some serious problems, suchas
over-crowdedness,polluted air and heavy traffic. They are constantly underthe
great stress offast tempo of city life. So many city dwellers choose to go tothe
countryside tospend their weekends or holidays, where they can enjoy freshair,
beautifullandscape, scenic environment, and peaceful life.
（98 words）
译文
随着现代社会的发展, 城市与农村的差距逐渐缩小，人们对农村的看法已发生根本改变。在
城市的人能享受到很多优点，但与此同时他们也不得不承受城市的一些严重的问题，如过度拥挤、
空气污染和交通拥挤等。他们生活在城市快节奏的巨大压力之下，因此许多城市居民愿意到农村
去度周末或假日，因为在农村他们可以享受新鲜的空气、美丽的景观、风景如画的环境和宁静的
生活。
范例（6）
Directions:
题目：Neighborhood Relationship Need To BeEnhanced
提 纲：1. describe the chart andinterpret its implication, and
2.give your opinions on the phenomenon
构思
第2段：说明：1）居住条件改善, 许多人住进高楼,人与人之间的关系变得冷漠
2）现代社会快节奏生活，人与人之间的接触减少
范文
The pictures reflectone of the serious problems coming along with improvementof
living conditions.It is true that many people now have moved into modernbuildings,
but,unfortunately, neighborhood relationship is no longer as close asbefore. In
order to keep upwith the fast pace of the modern society, people are constantlyin
such a hurry thatthey even rarely manage to be nodding acquaintances witheach
other. It is verycommon that neighbors living in the same building seldom haveany
contact with eachother.
(88 words)
译文
这幅图画反映了随着生活条件的改善出现的一个严重的问题。确实，现在许多人都已住房进
现代化的大楼，但是遗憾的是邻里关系反而不像从前那么密切了。为了跟上现代社会个的快节奏，
人们总是匆匆忙忙，以致见了熟人也很少能打招呼。住在同一座楼的邻居很少有交往，已是司空
见惯的了。
