天津翻译学院2014年5月CATTI二笔试题点评 美团大众点评笔试题

上周日全国翻译资格水平考试二级笔译刚刚结束,天津翻译学院英翻应考专家就此次试题做出分析点评,以便使我们的考生重温考试内容,并对自己的翻译进行一个大致的评估。本次考试中,英译汉的两个语篇均来自《纽约时报》:一篇是关于乔布斯夫人的介绍,另一篇是关于人文学科衰败的报道。从词汇角度来看,这两篇文章属于中规中矩,不需要考生在考场上频繁查阅词典。正如我们在三级笔译试题点评中所言,《纽约时报》的文章句子结构并不复杂,语句的表达更具有口语化的倾向。从翻译技巧角度分析,第一篇基本上属于记叙文体,第二篇属于论说文体。第一篇在翻译过程中需要考生适当注意在汉语选词及表达方式上的色彩性,第二篇则需要考生在选词及表达方式上更侧重严谨性。这两篇文章在语句理解方面不存在多少难度。因此,我们在此只将文章给出译文,就不做进一步的讲解了。英译汉第一篇(出自2013年5月17日《纽约时报》关于乔布斯夫人的介绍)Marlene Castro knew the tall blonde woman only as Laurene, hermentor. They met every few weeks in a rough Silicon Valleyneighborhood the year that Ms. Castro was applying to college, andthey e-mailed often, bonding over conversations about Ms. Castro’sdifficult childhood. Without Laurene’s help, Ms. Castro said, shemight not have become the first person in her family to graduatefrom college.马勒尼·卡斯特罗当初只知道那位高挑身材,金发碧眼的女士名叫劳伦,是她的导师。卡斯特罗女士准备申请大学那年,每隔几个星期,她们就会在硅谷附近的一个简陋的社区里见面,也会经常互通邮件,常聊起卡斯特罗女士艰苦童年的话题。要是没有劳伦斯的帮助,卡斯特罗女士也不会成为家族里的第一位大学生。It was only later, when she was a freshman at University ofCalifornia, Berkeley, that Ms. Castro read a news article andrealized that Laurene was Silicon Valley royalty, the wife ofApple’s co-founder, Steven P. Jobs.直到后来,卡斯特罗女士被加州大学伯克利分校录取后,她才从一篇新闻报道中得知,劳伦女士竟然是苹果公司联合创始人斯蒂芬·P·乔布斯的夫人,是硅谷的贵族!“I just became 10 times more appreciative of her humility and howhumble she was in working with us in East Palo Alto,” Ms. Castrosaid.The story, friends and colleagues say, is classic Laurene PowellJobs. Famous because of her last name and fortune, she has alwaysbeen private and publicity-averse. Her philanthropic work,especially on education causes like College Track, the college preporganization she helped found and through which she was Ms.Castro’s mentor, has been her priority and focus.卡斯特罗女士说,“我极为钦佩她那种谦逊的态度以及她在与我们一道工作在帕洛阿尔托时所显示出的那种谦虚精神。”朋友和同事们都说,这是劳伦·波维尔·乔布斯的传统做事方式,尽管因其姓氏(乔布斯)及拥有的巨额财富而远近闻名,但她总是保持低调,避免出现在公众视野中。她热衷于公益事业,尤其在教育领域,她创建了“大学之路”,(注:劳伦创办了一家小型公司以匿名的方式捐款,并且在1997年创办非营利教育组织“大学之路(College Track)”,帮助弱势高中生取得大学学位。)旨在帮助人们准备申请大学,也正是通过这个组织,她成为了卡斯特罗女士的导师,卡斯特罗女士成为了她重点关注和帮扶的对象。Now, less than two years after Mr. Jobs’s death, Ms. Powell Jobs isbecoming somewhat less private. She has tiptoed into the publicsphere, pushing her agenda in education as well as globalconservation, nutrition and immigration policy.现如今,乔布斯先生去世不到两年,波尔威·乔布斯女士逐渐受到公众的关注。她开始悄然进入公众视野,推动她在教育领域的公益事业,并且还将关注点转向了全球生态保护,营养问题,和移民政策等领域。“She’s been mourning for a year,” said Larry Brilliant, who is anold friend of Mr. Jobs. “Her life was about her family and Steve,but she is now emerging as a potent force on the world stage, andthis is only the beginning.”据乔布斯先生的一位老朋友,拉里·布里恩特透露:”因为她丈夫的去世,乔布斯女士整整难过了一年,家庭和丈夫曾是她生活的全部,但是,她现在已成为世界这个舞台上的一股强劲的力量,而她现在所做的一切,还只是开始而已。But she is doing it her way.乔布斯女士以她特有的方式在行动着。“It’s not about getting any public recognition for her giving, it’sto help touch and transform individual lives,” said LauraAndreessen, a philanthropist and lecturer on philanthropy atStanford who has been close friends with Ms. Powell Jobs for twodecades.斯坦福大学慈善专业讲师,同时也是乔布斯女士长达20年的密友与慈善家,劳拉·安德森说:“她的付出并不是为了获取公众的认可,而是为了有助于感化和改变那些需要帮助的人”。While some people said Ms. Powell Jobs should have started afoundation in Mr. Jobs’s name after his death, she did not, nor hasshe increased her public giving.尽管许多人建议乔布斯女士应以他去世的丈夫的名义发起一个基金会,然而,她并没有这样做,也没有增加任何公共捐赠。Instead, she has redoubled her commitment to Emerson Collective,the organization she formed about a decade ago to make grants andinvestments in education initiatives and, more recently, otherareas.取而代之的是,她加倍努力的为艾默生联合会工作,这是一个十年前由她创建的组织,旨在帮助和投资教育事业,而近期,这个联合会的项目也囊括了其它领域。  “Inthe broadest sense, we want to use our knowledge and our networkand our relationships to try to effect the greatest amount ofgood,” Ms. Powell Jobs said in one of a series of interviews withThe New York Times.波尔威·乔布斯在一次纽约时报的系列采访中说:“从广义上说,我们是要用知识和人脉关系给社会带来最大的益处。”英译汉第二篇 2013年6月30日《纽约时报》人文科学不该衰败In the past few years, I’ve taught nonfiction writing toundergraduates and graduate students at Harvard, Yale, andColumbia’s Graduate School of Journalism. Each semester I hope, andfear, that I will have nothing to teach my students because theyalready know how to write. And each semester I discover, again,that they don’t.在过去几年里,我曾在哈佛大学、耶鲁大学、和哥伦比亚大学新闻学研究生院为本科生和研究生教授学术写作。每个学期我都充满希望,同时又有所担心,我担心如果我的学生已经掌握了写作,我将没有什么东西教授给他们。而每个学期我都一再发现,他们还是不会写作。The teaching of the humanities has fallen on hard times. So says anew report on the state of the humanities by the American Academyof Arts and Sciences, and so says the experience of nearly everyonewho teaches at a college or university. Undergraduates will tellyou that they’re under pressure — from their parents, from theburden of debt they incur, from society at large — to choose majorsthey believe will lead as directly as possible to good jobs. Toooften, that means skipping the humanities.人文学科的教学已经陷入困境。美国文理科学研究院的一篇新报告对人文学科的现状做出了这样的评述,而且几乎每位高等院校的教师也有相同的体会。本科生会告诉你,他们承受着巨大的压力,这种压力来自其父母、来自债务的负担,来自全社会,而这种压力使得他们必须选择那些他们认为会更快、更有可能带来高薪工作的专业。这也经常意味着,逃掉人文学科的课程。In other words, there is a new and narrowing vocational emphasis inthe way students and their parents think about what to study incollege.换句话说,当考虑在大学里该选择什么专业时,在学生和父母中产生了一种对职业选择的狭隘倾向。There is a certain literal-mindedness in the recent shift away fromthe humanities. It suggests a number of things.近来当人们将注意力逐渐从人文学科转移开来的时候,人们是在考虑专业选择的某种实用性。这预示着一系列的问题。One, the rush to make education pay off presupposes that only themost immediately applicable skills are worth acquiring. Two, thehumanities often do a bad job of explaining why the humanitiesmatter. And three, the humanities often do a bad job of teachingthe humanities.一.急于让教育产生回报的冲动预示着,只有那些最直接应用的技能才值得学习。二.人文学科自身往往没能很好地阐释其重要性。三.人文学科往往并未向学习者很好地传授人文知识。What many undergraduates do not know — and what so many of theirprofessors have been unable to tell them — is how valuable the mostfundamental gift of the humanities will turn out to be. That giftis clear thinking, clear writing and a lifelong engagement withliterature.许多本科生所不知道的,同时也是他们许多教授未能告诉他们的是,人文学科那最基本的精髓将最终证明会有多么的珍贵。这种精髓就是思路清晰、行文简明,以及一生对文学的痴迷。Writing well used to be a fundamental principle of the humanities,as essential as the knowledge of mathematics and statistics in thesciences. But writing well isn’t merely a utilitarian skill. It isabout developing a rational grace and energy in your conversationwith the world around you.
天津翻译学院2014年5月CATTI二笔试题点评 美团大众点评笔试题
善于写作原本是人文学科的一个根本原则,这就如同数学和统计学在科学领域中一样的重要。然而,善于写作不仅仅是一个实用技能,它是一个人在与周围世界人们的交流中所培养起来的那种理性的优雅和能量。汉译英第一篇原文:上海合作组织成立12年来,成员国结成紧密的命运共同体和利益共同体。面对复杂的国际和地区形势,维护地区安全稳定和促进成员国共同发展,过去、现在乃至将来相当长时期内都是上海合作组织的首要任务和目标。  安全上,成员国要继续坚定支持彼此维护国家安全和社会稳定的努力,加大打击“三股势力”和毒品犯罪力度。值得注意的是,当前,地区恐怖主义和毒品犯罪相互勾结的现象愈演愈烈,反恐和禁毒成为需要双管齐下的系统工程。中方认为有必要赋予上海合作组织地区反恐怖机构禁毒职能,加强其综合打击“毒恐勾结”的能力。  经济上,成员国要大力推动务实合作。我们维护地区安全稳定的最终目的是实现共同发展繁荣。各方有必要加快实施交通、能源、通信、农业等优势领域合作项目,加紧研究建立上海合作组织开发银行,以解决项目融资难题和应对国际金融风险。点评:这是2013年9月4日《人民日报》刊发的关于习近平主席接受土、俄、哈、乌、吉五国媒体联合采访的报道,该篇翻译节选了这一采访的一小节。与三级笔译实务的命题内容相比,该篇的翻译难度显然要大一些,因为原文中出现的一些语汇可能会对考生形成一定的障碍。例如:“三股势力”,“毒恐勾结”等。从译文的句子结构的选择而言,二级笔译对考生的要求注定会比三级考生更加严格苛刻。根据我们以往的阅卷经验,二级笔译实务的阅卷对于考生所使用的句法修辞手段有所要求。因此,如果说在三级笔译考试中,一个汉语的句子被译成英文,句子的语法结构没有太大的问题,词汇搭配基本得体即可,而在二级笔译考试中,这个要求显然是不够的,它还要求考生根据原文的语气的强调以及英语中的表达习惯来适当地调整句子结构,使译文更加吻合原文的色彩以及使句子的前后词序显得更加平衡。下面让我们共同关注一下第一篇汉译英语段中的重点语句的翻译。第一段第一句:“上海合作组织成立12年来,成员国结成紧密的命运共同体和利益共同体。”解析:此句的第一个意群“上海合作组织成立12年来”是一个时间状语成分,我们可以将其译成一个时间状语短语,如:In thepast 12 years since the founding of the SCO, member states haveforged a close community of common destinies and sharedinterests.按照二级笔译的修辞要求,如果考生能将这个时间状语转换成一个名词短语作主语成分,译文的质量将会提高很多,如:The past 12 years since the foundingof the SCO,然后我们在谓语动词的位置上使用“see , witness,mark或signify,而后把原文中的主句部分转换成一个较长的名词短语作宾语,这个句子的译文就会大大增色。Thepast 12 years since the founding of the SCO has marked a closecommunity of common destinies and shared interests.第一段第二句:“面对复杂的国际和地区形势,维护地区安全稳定和促进成员国共同发展,过去、现在乃至将来相当长时期内都是上海合作组织的首要任务和目标。”解析:该句的主句部分有这样的一个时间表达式“过去,现在乃至将来相当长的时期内”,如果我们将其译成相关的时间状语短语,如,in the past, atpresent and in the future,译文会显得相当笨拙。在此,我们应充分利用汉英语中的不同特点来应对此句,汉语中的谓语动词是没有时态变化的,而英语中谓语动词的时态变化非常丰富。因此,我们可以把汉语中的时间状语转换成英语中的动词谓语来体现:Inthe face of complex regional and international situation,maintaining regional security and stability and promoting commondevelopment of member states was, is and will still be SCO's toppriority and objective for quite a long time tocome.这样处理的方法是精简了句子成分,又充分体现了英语动词时态的特色。第二段第一句:“安全上,成员国要继续坚定支持彼此维护国家安全和社会稳定的努力,加大打击“三股势力”和毒品犯罪力度。”解析:在汉译英过程中,我们经常会遇到汉语中以数字加名称短语的“缩略语”,如:三个代表,三农,三通,八荣八耻,三好学生等,在翻译之前,我们首先要弄清这些短语分别代表了什么具体内容,然后再从英语中寻找相关含义的词汇去对应。在我们二级笔译实务的培训中,我们曾详细地给学生们介绍了应对策略:以“三农”为例,当我们了解了其实际内涵后,我们就可以将其译为thethree issues—agriculture, countryside and farmers,也就是说,先用一个名词对其加以概括,然后再逐一对应相关的名词短语。当然,如果我们能想到相同的首字母对应的单词,那就更好了。如:the three Fs—farming, farm andfarmers。然而,在翻译考试中,如果考生无法确定待译短语的确切含义,那么,我们完全可以采取一种变通的方式来应对:定冠词+数字+待译短语的核心词+related+issues,例如:the three agriculture-relatedissues。在第二段第一句中的“三股势力”指的是恐怖主义(terrorism),分裂主义(separatism)和极端主义(extremism),我们可以译为:thethree forces—terrorism, separatism andextremism。如果在考试中我们无法把握该短语的内涵,我们也可以将其简化为:the threesecurity-threatening forces,因为本段的主题内容就是谈论“安全问题”,这种理解和应对的策略是完全适当的,而且也完全符合英语的构词规律。全句译为:In terms of security, member statesneed to continue to firmly support each other’s endeavor tosafeguardnational security and socialstability and intensify efforts to combat the threeforces—terrorism, separatism and extremism (the threesecurity-threatening forces) and drug-related crimes.第二段的第二句:“值得注意的是,当前,地区恐怖主义和毒品犯罪相互勾结的现象愈演愈烈,反恐和禁毒成为需要双管齐下的系统工程。”解析:该句中“值得注意的是”可以被处理成一个名词从句作主语,也可以将其处理为一个形式主语的被动结构,如:What merits caution/What deservesour attention或者It must be noted that…/It must becautioned that…,然后再接一个表语从句或一个名词从句作真正的主语。请看下面的2个译文:Version I.What merits caution is that there is a growing tendency ofterrorists and drug criminals colluding with each other in theregion. Therefore, counter-terrorism and anti-narcotic effortsshould be integrated with a two-pronged approach.Version II.It must be noted/cautioned that there is a growing tendency ofterrorists and drug criminals conspiring /conniving with each otherin the region. Therefore, counter-terrorism and anti-narcoticefforts must be integrated with each other as a systematicprogram. 原文中的“地区恐怖主义和毒品犯罪相互勾结的现象愈演愈烈”,不要把“恐怖主义”和“毒品犯罪”译成抽象名词,因为只有“恐怖主义分子”和“毒品罪犯”才能相互勾结,因此,要将这两个名词具体化。此外,我们在翻译课上,反复强调:汉语中特别习惯于用“现象”二字,但英语中对该词的使用频率并不高,一般情况下,英语中更倾向于使用更具体的名词,如:case, situation, instance,tendency等,当然,具体用哪一个词还要看上下文的语境来确定。在此,我们使用“tendency”似乎更恰当些。 第二段第三句:“中方认为有必要赋予上海合作组织地区反恐怖机构禁毒职能,加强其综合打击“毒恐勾结”的能力。” 解析:该句基本上没有什么难度,句子结构也不复杂,只需考生注意“赋予…的职能”,可以用give或delegate与function组合;“加强…的能力”在英语中的固定搭配即可。strengthen/enhance +ability,如果考生使用consolidate或deepen与ability搭配就属于用处不当了。因此,这句可以译为:China believes that there is a need to delegate the function ofanti-narcotics to the SCO Regional Counter-Terrorism Structure inorder to enhance its overall ability to fight both terrorism anddrug trafficking. 第三段第一句:“经济上,成员国要大力推动务实合作。”解析:该句可译成主动语态,也可译成被动结构。如:Economically, member states needtovigorously promote pragmaticcooperation.或In terms ofeconomy,great efforts must be made bymember states to promote pragmatic cooperation.第三段第二句:“我们维护地区安全稳定的最终目的是实现共同发展繁荣。”解析:该句中的“最终目的”这个短语在英语中可译为形容词+名词,也可在句子中转换成谓语动词使用。正如我们在二级笔译课上所强调的词性转换是翻译的一大要点。从汉译英的翻译实践而言,经常使用的名词转动词有:目标,目的,作用,功能,标志,特点,特征等。因此,该句可以译成以下两个版本:1.Theultimate purpose of maintaining regional security and stability isto achieve common development and prosperity. 2. Regional securityand stability is ultimately targeted at achieving commondevelopment and prosperity.第三段第三句:“各方有必要加快实施交通、能源、通信、农业等优势领域合作项目,加紧研究建立上海合作组织开发银行,以解决项目融资难题和应对国际金融风险。” 解析:该句中的动词:加快…,加紧…都是我们在二级笔译培训中反复强调的同近义词的积累,我们给学生提供了如下语汇:speedup, accelerate, step up, expedite, greatlyfacilitate等。我们之所以要给学生储备许多相关的同近义词,主要是针对汉译英中频繁出现的时政文章及我国领导人的讲话稿的翻译。在这类文章中,甚至在同一个语段中,会出现多次动词的重复使用。但英语的行文习惯并不像汉语,连续使用相同的词汇并非英语书面表达的特点,它需要将词汇不断地变化。因此,这也是二级笔译的难度所在。由此,该句可译为:Partiesneed to accelerate the implementation of cooperation projects insuch advantageous areas as transport, energy, communications andagriculture, and expedite studies on setting up an SCO developmentbank to resolve project financing difficulties and addressinternational financial risks.第一篇汉译英全文译文:In the past 12 years since the founding of the SCO, member stateshave forged a close community of common destinies and sharedinterests. In the face of complex regional and internationalsituation, maintaining regional security and stability andpromoting common development of member states has been, is and willcontinue to be SCO's top priority and objective for quite a longtime to come.On security, member states need to continue to firmly support eachother's endeavor to safeguard national security and socialstability and intensify efforts to combat terrorism, separatism andextremism and drug-related crimes. What merits caution is thatthere is a growing tendency of terrorists and drug criminalscolluding with each other in the region. Therefore,counter-terrorism and anti-narcotic efforts should be integratedwith a two-pronged approach. China believes that there is a need togive the SCO Regional Counter-Terrorism Structure the function ofanti-narcotics to enhance its overall ability to fight bothterrorism and drug trafficking.On economy, member states need to vigorously promote pragmaticcooperation. The ultimate purpose of maintaining regional securityand stability is to achieve common development and prosperity.Parties need to accelerate the implementation of cooperationprojects in such advantageous areas as transport, energy,communications and agriculture, and expedite studies on setting upan SCO development bank to resolve project financing difficultiesand address international financial risks.汉译英第二篇原文:改革开放以来,中国金融业伴随现代化建设而快速成长,但实现持续发展依然任重道远。目前,中国金融业资产已超过150万亿元人民币,外汇储备达3.4万亿美元,盘活金融资产、激活金融市场潜力很大。下一步,我们将坚定不移推进金融市场化改革,健全现代金融体系,加快发展多层次资本市场,稳步推进利率市场化、汇率市场化的改革。同时,深化境外战略投资者与中资银行的合作,稳步推进股票、债券、保险市场对外开放,促进人民币跨境使用,逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换,拓展金融业对外开放的广度和深度。以开放促改革发展、促转型创新,实现中国经济持续健康发展,也会给世界经济增长及金融业发展提供机遇。点评:我们在二级笔译实务课上特别告诫学生:要想做好汉译英,就一定要把握好四门功课,也可以说要把握好“4C”,即,Connotation, Collocation,Context and Culture。Connotation指的是“内涵”,汉语表达的很多意思在英语中没有完全对应的说法,因此,在动笔之前,考生一定要先将汉语的句子内涵弄清楚,然后再根据其意到英语中找最为接近的词语,以提高表达的精确度。Collocation指的是汉语中的词语搭配与英语中的词语搭配的差异。我们在二级笔译实务课上要求考生掌握的并非那些简单的词汇搭配用法,例如,一个动词后搭配什么介词或副词,一个形容词后搭配什么介词等,这些都是英语学习过程中学生理应积累的东西,而我们要求考生积累的则是更高要求的词汇搭配,这类词汇搭配的积累能从根本上最终帮助考生消除汉化英语的痕迹。因此,我们从开课的第一天就向学生介绍了美国出版的The Word Finder这本词典。让我们来看一个例子:英语中的形容词“感兴趣的”,在学生积累这个单词的搭配时,基本上都是记住该词后面的介词搭配be interested insth./sb.,然而,这只是最基本的搭配。我们要求的更高层次的词汇搭配是:在英语中哪些副词可以修饰interested这个形容词,而这才是我们在翻译中经常遇到的搭配。通过查阅The Word Finder这本词典,我们得知:deeply, keenly,intensely, profoundly, curiously可以修饰interested,而如果考生使用strongly以表达“浓厚地”词义来与interested搭配,那就注定会犯汉化英语的错误。Context指的是在翻译过程中要充分考虑语句的上下文语境该使用什么样的连词使语句表达得更加顺畅自如。汉语的表达中连词的使用频率较低,但英语行文中连词的使用频率非常高。因此,我们在理解汉语原文的意思时,还要更加细致地考虑汉语句子的字里行间的逻辑关系及语气,从而在译文中添加适当的连词。由于这个问题涉及到整个语篇的连接方法,在此暂不赘述。Culture在翻译中也是我们所要考虑的一个重要环节。中国与英语国家的文化存在着较大的差异,在翻译过程中如果遇到一些特别是以动物或颜色的名称作为比喻的时候,我们必须注意这些文化方面的差异,要及时地,适当地调整表达方式,以求译入语的读者能够很好地理解原文所要表达的意思。如:汉语中“亚洲四小龙”,如果译成The Four Little Dragons ofAsia,英语读者就会感到一头雾水,因为在英语中dragon一词只有“邪恶”,“魔鬼”等含义,而没有褒义的内涵,因此,我们要本着入乡随俗的态度将该短语译为:The Four Little Tigers ofAsia。再比如,汉语中“青山绿水”,译成英文:bluemountainsand green water,就是汉化的英语,英语国家的人习惯以green mountainsand blue water来表达该含义。下面让我们看看此次考试中的第二篇汉译英。此篇语段节选自2013年5月25日李克强在瑞士经济金融界人士午餐会上的演讲稿。第一句:“改革开放以来,中国金融业伴随现代化建设而快速成长,但实现持续发展依然任重道远。”解析:该句可以将“改革开放以来”处理成译文中的名词主语,将主句译为该句的宾语:The reform andopening-up has witnessed rapid growth of China’s financial sectortogether with the modernization of the country. However, it stillremains a long and arduous task for China to sustain this momentumof growth.虽然汉语是一个完整的语句,但我们注意到,汉语中的前后两个意群的主语并不一致,而且还有转折的关联词。因此,我们可以将其拆分成两个单句来译。第二句:“目前,中国金融业资产已超过150万亿元人民币,外汇储备达3.4万亿美元,盘活金融资产、激活金融市场潜力很大。”解析:该句同样应该拆分成两个句子,因为前半句讲的是中国金融业的货币量,而后半句讲的是金融市场的潜力。在该句的翻译中,我们要注意货币单位名称的表达方式及其位置:Currently,China’s financial sector has a total asset of over RMB 150 trillionand a foreign exchange reserve of US$ 3.4 trillion. There is a hugepotential for revitalizing/liquidizing/ China’s financial assetsand reinvigorating the financial market.第三句:“下一步,我们将坚定不移推进金融市场化改革,健全现代金融体系,加快发展多层次资本市场,稳步推进利率市场化、汇率市场化的改革。”解析:该句是由四个意群连接的一个并列句,只要把握好词语的选择就可以。Going forward, we will unswervingly advance market reform of thefinancial sector, build a sound modern financial system, acceleratethe development of a multi-tiered capital market, and steadily stepup the reform in the marketization of interest rate and exchangerate.第四句:“同时,深化境外战略投资者与中资银行的合作,稳步推进股票、债券、保险市场对外开放,促进人民币跨境使用,逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换,拓展金融业对外开放的广度和深度。”解析:在这句话中,“广度”,“深度”等词语的翻译要提醒考生注意,汉语中常使用比较抽象的名词,在翻译界,我们常将类似的抽象名词短语戏称为“性感度”。“性”:如,特殊性,重要性,必要性,“感”:如,使命感,责任感,成就感,“度”:如,高度,广度,深度等。在译成英语时,切忌将这些汉语的词语一股脑地译成抽象名词,可以考虑将这些词语转换成相关的形容词或动词,以求译文表达的地道。如果译成expandthe breadth and depth of opening-up in the financialsector,这就是典型的汉化英语,我们可以调整词性为两个动词:broaden and deepenIn the meantime, we will deepen cooperation between Chinese banksand their foreign strategic investors, open the stock, bond andinsurance markets in an orderly way, promote the cross-border useof the RMB and, gradually achieve the RMB’s convertibility underthe capital account and broaden and deepen the opening-up in thefinancial sector.第五句:“以开放促改革发展、促转型创新,实现中国经济持续健康发展,也会给世界经济增长及金融业发展提供机遇。”解析:我们要注意该句的前半部分应该处理成主句,后半部分应该处理为目的状语。We will promote reform, development, economic transformation andinnovation in the course of opening-up to achieve the sustainableand healthy growth of the Chinese economy and to createopportunities for the economic growth and development of thefinancial industry of the world.

第二篇汉译英全文译文:
The reform and opening-up has witnessed rapidgrowth of China’s financial sector together with the modernizationof the country. However, it still remains a long and arduous taskfor China to sustain this momentum of growth. Currently, China’sfinancial sector has a total asset of over RMB 150 trillion and aforeign exchange reserve of US$3.4 trillion. There is a hugepotential for revitalizing/liquidizing/ China’s financial assetsand reinvigorating the financial market. Going forward, we willunswervingly advance market reform of the financial sector, build asound modern financial system, accelerate the development of amulti-tiered capital market, and steadily step up the reform in themarketization of interest rate and exchange rate. In the meantime,we will deepen cooperation between Chinese banks and their foreignstrategic investors, open the stock, bond and insurance markets inan orderly way, promote the cross-border use of the RMB and,gradually achieve the RMB’s convertibility under the capitalaccount and broaden and deepen the opening-up in the financialsector. We will promote reform, development, economictransformation and innovation in the course of opening-up toachieve the sustainable and healthy growth of the Chinese economyand to create opportunities for the economic growth and developmentof the financial industry of the world.

天津翻译学院英翻教研中心
2014年5月31日

  

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