强调结构It+be…that(who)…注意的十个问题 it is who 强调句

强调结构It+be…that(who)…注意的十个问题

山东寿光 隋慧成 黄文藻

八七、八八和九二年MET都考察了It+be…that(who)…这一强调结构,这种强调结构用来突出强调句子的某一部分。该结构中的it叫强调it(theEmphaticit),无词汇意义,只用于改变句子结构,使某一部分得以强调。要正确使用这一结构应注意以下十个方面的问题。

1、这种强调结构,除不能强调动词外,其它成份,如主语、宾语、宾补、状语都可以强调。例:

(1)It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.(强调主语SBI P211)

(2)It was the goat’s eyes that he had seen in thedarkness.(强调宾语SBT P211)

2、被强调部分指人时用that,who均可,指事物或情况时用that(被强调的是时间或地点状语一般不用When,Where), 例:

(1)Was it in this palace that the last emperordied?(MET87)

(2)It was in 1992 that I watched the TV serial Fence, Womenand Dogs. 是1992年我看的电视剧《篱笆·女人和狗》

3、被强调的代词格应与原句一致;被强调的部分如果是原句的主语,Who(that)后的谓语在人称和数上应与原句的主语一致。例:

(1)It is Gong Li that(who) stars the film Red Lanterns.

是巩俐主演的《大红灯笼高高挂》这部影片。

(2)It is him that I want to kill.

4、如果强调双宾语中的一个,不论是直接宾语还是间接宾语,根据动词的搭配关系,要加上一个介词to或for。例:

Mr Green gave Mary a birthday present→

(1)It was Mary that Green gave a birthday present to.

(2)It was a birthday present that Mr Green gave to Mary.

5、如果原句是一般疑问句,强调结构用“Be+it…that(who)…”形式;如果原句是特殊疑问句,则用“特殊疑问词+be+it…that(who)…?”形式。

(1)Is it before the end of 1993 that China will join GATT?

是1993年底前中国加入关贸总协定吗?

(2)When was it that football coach Schlappner arrived inBeijing?

是何时足球教练施拉普纳抵京的?

6、如果原句中含有“not…until”,在强调时间状语时,将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。例:

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realizedshe was a famous film star.(MET 92)

7、强调结构中的谓语动词,除用be外,还可用might be 或must have been. 例:

(1)It might be tomorrow that she will come.

(2)It must have been an actor that came yesterday.

8、强调结构不但独立成句,也可用在从句中。例:

He told me that it is reforms that bring about a complete changein Shenzhen.他告诉我是改革才使深圳有了翻天覆地的变化。

9、被强调部分句子可能较长或有一个以上的强调成价。对此就应注意识别,应用。例:

(1)It was not the fish but the vegetable, which grows onlySichuan, that made the hot dish sour and aromatic(Beijing WeekendNo.84)

(2)It was she who was lying in the corridor and the strangerwho bent over her.是她躺在过道上,是那个陌生人俯视她。(此句有两个被强调部分:一是she,一是the stranger)

强调结构It+be…that(who)…注意的十个问题 it is who 强调句

10、强调结构中的时态一般应一致,即主句与从句中的时态应都用现在时,或都用将来时。例:

(1)It was my two sisters who knew her best.(都用地去时)

(2)It will not be you who will have to take the blame forthis.(都用将来时)对此受责难的将不是你。

(《中学英语指导》1993年第11—12期)

  

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