初中英语动词过去式变化规律
1、以e或ie结尾的情况,直接加d:
smile—smiled; hope—hoped;
die—died;tie—tied
2、双辅音结尾的情况,直接加ed:
help—helped;learn—learned
3、两个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况,直接加ed:
rain—rained;heat—heated
4、一个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:
(1) 对单音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed:
stop—stopped; plan—planned
(2)对双音节单词,如果重读在第一个音节处,不双写加ed:
visit—visited(重读在vis前);offer—offered(重读在of前)
(3)对双音节单词,如果重读在第二个音节处,双写词尾辅音字母加ed:
prefer—preferred(重读在fer前);admit—admitted(重读在mit前);refer—referred;defer—deferred
5、以y结尾的情况:
(1)元音+y结尾动词,直接加ed:
play—played;enjoy—enjoyed
(2)辅音+y结尾动词,y变i加ed:
worry—worried;study—studied
6、把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式:
begin—began;drink—drank;give—gave;ring—rang;sing—sang;sit—sat;swim—swam
7、把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式:
drive—drove;ride—rode;write—wrote;win—won;shine—shone
8、改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式:
draw—drew;grow—grew;know—knew;throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
9、动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式:
get—got;forget—forgot
10、动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式:
feed—fed;meet—met
11、动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式:
keep—kept;sleep—slept;sweep—swept
12、动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式:
break—broke;speak—spoke
13、动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式:
sell—sold;tell—told
14、动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式:
stand—stood;understand—understood
15、以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式:
bring—brought; buy—bought;think—thought;fight—fought;catch—caught;teach—taught
16、以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式:
can—could;shall—should;will—would
17、把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式:
come—came;become—became
18、在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变:
Hear〔hi〕—heard〔hi:d〕;mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
19、动词的过去式与动词原形一样:
let—let;must—must;put—put;cut—cut;hit—hit;hurt—hurt;
cost—cost;read—read〔red〕
20、不符合上述规律的动词过去式:
am,is—was;are—were;build—built;do—did;eat—ate;fall—fell;feel—felt;find—found;fly—flew;go—went;have /has— had;hold—held;leave—left;make—made;may—might;run—ran;see—saw;say—said;take—took
动词过去式的不规则变化要特别记忆,其中有些也有一定规律可循:
1、有些以-end结尾的动词要把d改为t,变成过去式:
lend—lent;spend—spent;send—sent
2、在有些动词的词尾直接加t,变成过去式:
Learn—learnt;mean—meant;burn—burnt