爱华网动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份 （一）
一、动词-ing形式做主语
1、现在分词做主语表示事物化、抽象化的概念。强调：现在分词做主语时谓语一律用单数。
Eg:Talking is an art.
Eg:Tearning English well is not easy.
2、it做形式主语的情况
It’sno good/use doing sth. 做``````是没有用的
It’suseful/useless doing做``````是有/没有用的
There is no `````````doing sth.
Eg:It is no use crying after knowing the result.
Eg:It is no good playing games.
二、动词-ing形式做表语
动词-ing形式做表语，一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作。
1、句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词/抽象的习惯性动作。（主语和表语的位置可以互换）
Eg:My hobby is playing games.--------Playing games is myhobby.
Eg:One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speakingloudly is one of his bad habits.
Eg:Your task is studying hard.-------------Studying hard is yourtask.
与现在进行时的区别：
Heis flying.(现在进行时，就不能转换成----------Flying ishe)
2、表示主语的某种性质或状态，描述主语的特征，相当于形容词，故不能与主语互换。
系动词：be动词、感官动词、get/become等。
Eg:This film is interesting.
Eg:Today’s weather is nice.
Eg:The song sounds good.
(主语一般为物：movingsurprisingpromising有希望的)
三、动词-ing形式做宾语
1、作动词的宾语
某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式。
allow cannot help consider risk suggest forbidprotect```(from)阻止 admit advise allowavoid delay推迟 enjoyescape逃脱 finish give upimagine mind practise
Eg:I tried to avoid making mistakes.
Eg:I suggest having a rest.
2、作介词的 宾语
是一些固定的短语搭配：be/ get/ become used to习惯于, look forward to, insiston, be succed in, be fond of, be interested in, be worth,devote```to, stick to, lead to and so on.
Eg: The book is worthreading.
Eg: I am used to getting upearly.
四、作宾语补足语
1、动词-ing形式可以在感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。（表示动作的正在进行，状态正在持续）
Eg: Iwatched a student picking peaches when I crossed theschool.
Eg:When I came into classroom, I heard someone singing.
3、动词-ing形式也可以用在使役动词have get leavekeepset send等动词后作宾语补足语。
（宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。）
Eg:Don’t have your students doing homework all the time.
五、动词-ing形式做定语
1、表示被修饰词的某种用途,一般放在所修饰词的前面。
阅览室 reading room吸烟室 smoking room
洗衣机 washing machine写字台 writing desk
3、起形容词作用的动词-ing作定语时，含有主动和进行的意思。
(1) 单个的分词放在所修饰名词的前面
Eg: I walked quietly in order not to wake the sleepingbird.
(2) 短语放在所修饰的名词后面
Eg: I know the bird sleeping inthe tree.---------I know the bird which is sleeping in thetree.
Eg: It lived in a tree facing myhouse.----------It lived in a tree which faced my house.
