爱华网【英语词汇】
eliminate、abolish、eradicate、
cancel、erase
佳中
eliminate“消除”、“清除”，指消除或清除某现象或事物，可引申出“排
除”、“根除”、“剔除”、“降低”、“减少”等意思。
1）Although it isimpossible to eliminate pollution altogether, we must tryevery
means possible to reduce it to the lowest.
尽管要完全清除污染是不太可能的，但我们要极力用一切可能的手段把污染降到最低水平。
2）I have checked thefigures in the report time and again so as to eliminateany
possible mistake.
为消除任何可能的错误，我已经再三检查过报告中的数据。
3）Thealternatives must be prescreenedtoeliminatethose whichhave lower
potential.
这些方案必须进行预筛以剔除那些没有多大前途的方案。
4）Envy is moredifficulttoeliminatethan hatebetween two people.
在两个人之间，忌妒比仇恨更难消除。
5）Amove towards healthy eating could help eliminate heartdisease.
养成健康的饮食习惯可以帮助减少心脏疾病。
6）We'll have to beruthless if we wanttoeliminateunnecessarywaste.
如果我们要杜绝不必要的浪费就得硬着心肠做。
abolish“废除”、“废止”、“清除”。多指废除或清除有关法律、制度、规
定、习俗等。
1）The governmentconsider it imprudenttoabolishthe deathpenalty.
政府认为废除死刑是轻率之举。
2）The municipalcouncil has decided to abolish some taxes on essentialarticles
of daily necessities.
市议会已决定废除一些日常生活必需品的征税。
3）In1965, in a general revision of our immigration laws, many moreAsians were
permitted to settle here, as discrimination against Asianimmigration
wasabolished.
1965年，在一次移民法的全面修订中，更多的亚洲人被允许在美国定居，因为对亚洲移民
的歧视已被废除了。
4）Relateddepartments will also ablish the ultra vires to clare outthe charges.
相关部门还将清理取消越权出台的收费。
5）This accidentinitiates once more in Spain the argument whether thebullfight
performsshould be thoroughly abolished.
这起事故再次在西班牙引发一场有关是否应该彻底废除斗牛表演的争论。
6）To“abolish” and to “establish” has long been the two sharpopposite views
about civil protest system both in academia and injudicature.
关于民事抗诉制度，学界和司法界长期存在“废”、“立”两种针锋相对的观点。
eradicate“清除”，“根除”，语气比remove和eliminate强，指彻底“清除”、
“根除”、“废除”“消灭”。
1）Thegovernmentismakingeffortstoeradicateracialdiscriminating.
政府正在努力消除种族歧视。
2）Positive stepsshould be taken to eradicate vulgar and pornographicmaterials
on the web.
应采取积极措施消除网上低俗的色情内容。
3）Bad habitscultivated for years are hard to beeradicated.
长期养成的坏习惯很难根除。
4）The new manageerpromised to put himslf at the head of this movement ofreform,
and brutallyeradicatetherots in the firm.
新经理保证领导这场改革，大刀阔斧地革除公司里的种种弊端。
5）In 1980 the 33rd World Health Assembly declared that smallpoxhad
beeneradicated. Theclassification is maintainedfor surveillance purposes.
1980 年第 33 届世界卫生会议宣称天花已被根除，保留现今的分类是为评估的目的。
6）Public opinions andsome regulatory changes calmed the storm, but didnot
eradicate the intrincis problem.
公众舆论和一些监管方面的改革平息了这 场风暴，但并为根除内在的问题。
cancel“取消”，普通用词。指取消事先安排、计划或决定，如会议、赛事，订
货等，也可指撤销、解除或废除命令、通告、诺言、约定等。
1）All flights having been cancelled because of thesnowstorm, we decided to take
the train.
因为暴风雪，所有航班被取消，因此我们决定乘火车去。
2）If it is to rain,we will have to cancel the match tomorrow.
假如下雨，我们只好取消明天的比赛。
3）We want tocancelthe contractbecause of your delay in delivery.
由于贵方交货拖延，我方要求取消合同。
4）The state of emergency has officially been cancelled andwe are not in any
danger now.
紧急状态的已正式被取消了，我们现在不再有任何危险。
5）The work and myschedule being ruined by the storm. Plansgetcanceledandit
just gets in the way.
这次风暴搞乱了我的工作和计划安排，许多计划被取消，耽误了我许多事情。
6）If you no longer plan to use an old account, call your old ISP toconcel your
ISP service, otherwise you will continue to be billed forit.
如果您不想再使用某个旧帐号，可以请旧ISP取消那项服务；否则您必须继续支付那个帐号
的费用。
erase“擦掉”“抹去”“除掉”。原意是“擦”“抹”。常引申出“清除”的意
思，多指清除记忆、想法、债务等。
1）It’s useless to dwell much on them. Just cheer up anderase all these bitter
memories from your mind.
想这么多没用，振作起来，从你的头脑中摒弃所有这些痛苦的记忆。
2）Most of our fearsare unreasonable, but they are impossibletoerase.
我们的恐惧多半是毫无根据的，可却又无法消除。
3）TryasI might ,I couldnoterasefrom my mind thepoignant thought.
我怎么也不能驱散萦绕在我心头的痛切之感。
4）The time washed away the trace which you smiled, but it could noterase my
recollection of you.
时间冲走了你微笑的痕迹却抹不掉我对你的回忆。
5）Andmalicioussoftwarecouldcorruptorerasefilesontheexternaldrive.
一些恶意软件可能会毁坏或删除外置硬盘上的文件。
6）By the year 2025, AIDS will be by far the major killer of youngAfricans,
decreasing life expectancy to as low as 40 years in some countriesand single-
handedlyerasingthepublic health gains of the past 50years.
到 2025年，爱滋病将成为杀害非洲年轻人的最大凶手，在一些国家，人口的预计寿命将会
降低至 40岁，过去 50年在公共卫生领域所取得的的成就，就这样被轻易抹煞得干干净净。
