我们常用的二极管可分为整流二极管、稳压二极管、肖特基二极管、发光二极管等。
整流二极管是利用二极管单向导电性,可以把方向交替变化的交流电变换成单一方向的脉动直流电。整流二极管具有明显的单向导电性,硅整流二极管的反向击穿电压高,反向漏电流小,高温性能良好,但工作频率不高,一般在几十千赫兹以下,整流二极管主要用于各种低频整流电路。
型 号 | 反向峰值电压 | 额定整流电流 | 正向浪涌电流 | 正向压降 | 反向电流 | 工作频率 |
1N4000 1N4001 1N4002 1N4003 1N4004 1N4005 1N4006 1N4007 | 25 V 50 V 100 V 200 V 400 V 600 V 800 V 1000 V | 1 A | 30 A | ≤ 1 V | < 5 uA | 3 KHz |
1N5100 1N5101 1N5102 1N5103 1N5104 1N5105 1N5106 1N5107 1N5108 | 50 V 100 V 200 V 300 V 400 V 500 V 600 V 800 V 1000 V | 1.5 A | 75 A | ≤ 1 V | < 5 uA | 3 KHz |
1N5200 1N5201 1N5202 1N5203 1N5204 1N5205 1N5206 1N5207 1N5208 | 50 V 100 V 200 V 300 V 400 V 500 V 600 V 800 V 1000 V | 2 A | 100 A | ≤ 1 V | < 10 uA | 3 KHz |
1N5400 1N5401 1N5402 1N5403 1N5404 1N5405 1N5406 1N5407 1N5408 | 50 V 100 V 200 V 300 V 400 V 500 V 600 V 800 V 1000 V | 3 A | 150 A | ≤ 0.8 V | < 10 uA | 3 KHz |
稳压二极管也称齐纳二极管或反向击穿二极管,在电路中起稳定电压作用。它是利用二极管被反向击穿后,在一定反向电流范围内反向电压不随反向电流变化这一特点进行稳压的。
1N系列稳压二极管参数 | |||||||
型号 | 稳定电压 | 型号 | 稳定电压 | 型号 | 稳定电压 | 型号 | 稳定电压 |
1N4678 | 1.8 | 1N4729A | 3.6 | 1N5244 | 14 | 1N5991 | 4.3 |
1N4679 | 2 | 1N4730A | 3.9 | 1N5245 | 15 | 1N5992 | 4.7 |
1N4680 | 2.2 | 1N4731A | 4.3 | 1N5246 | 16 | 1N5993 | 5.1 |
1N4681 | 2.4 | 1N4732A | 4.7 | 1N5247 | 17 | 1N5994 | 5.6 |
1N4682 | 2.7 | 1N4733A | 5.1 | 1N5248 | 18 | 1N5995 | 6.2 |
1N4683 | 3 | 1N4734A | 5.6 | 1N5249 | 19 | 1N5996 | 6.8 |
1N4684 | 3.3 | 1N4735A | 6.2 | 1N5250 | 20 | 1N5997 | 7.5 |
1N4685 | 3.6 | 1N4736A | 6.8 | 1N5251 | 22 | 1N5998 | 8.2 |
1N4686 | 3.9 | 1N4737A | 7.5 | 1N5252 | 24 | 1N5999 | 9.1 |
1N4687 | 4.3 | 1N4738A | 8.2 | 1N5253 | 25 | 1N6000 | 10 |
1N4688 | 4.7 | 1N4739A | 9.1 | 1N5254 | 27 | 1N6001 | 11 |
1N4689 | 5.1 | 1N4740A | 10 | 1N5255 | 28 | 1N6002 | 12 |
1N4690 | 5.6 | 1N4741A | 11 | 1N5256 | 30 | 1N6003 | 13 |
1N4691 | 6.2 | 1N4742A | 12 | 1N5257 | 33 | 1N6004 | 15 |
1N4692 | 6.8 | 1N4743A | 13 | 1N5730 | 5.6 | 1N6005 | 16 |
1N4693 | 7.5 | 1N4744A | 15 | 1N5731 | 6.2 | 1N6006 | 18 |
1N4694 | 8.2 | 1N4745A | 16 | 1N5732 | 6.8 | 1N6007 | 20 |
1N4695 | 8.7 | 1N4746A | 18 | 1N5733 | 7.5 | 1N6008 | 22 |
1N4696 | 9.1 | 1N4747A | 20 | 1N5734 | 8.2 | 1N6009 | 24 |
1N4697 | 10 | 1N4748A | 22 | 1N5735 | 9.1 | 1N6010 | 27 |
1N4698 | 11 | 1N4749A | 24 | 1N5736 | 10 | 1N6011 | 30 |
1N4699 | 12 | 1N4750A | 27 | 1N5737 | 11 | 1N6012 | 33 |
1N4700 | 13 | 1N4751A | 30 | 1N5738 | 12 | 1N6013 | 36 |
1N4701 | 14 | 1N4752A | 33 | 1N5739 | 13 | 1N6014 | 39 |
1N4702 | 15 | 1N4753A | 36 | 1N5740 | 15 | 1N6015 | 43 |
1N4703 | 16 | 1N4754A | 39 | 1N5741 | 16 | 1N6016 | 47 |
1N4704 | 17 | 1N4755A | 43 | 1N5742 | 18 | 1N6017 | 51 |
1N4705 | 18 | 1N4756A | 47 | 1N5743 | 20 | 1N6018 | 56 |
1N4706 | 19 | 1N4757A | 51 | 1N5744 | 22 | 1N6019 | 62 |
1N4707 | 20 | 1N4758A | 56 | 1N5745 | 24 | 1N6020 | 68 |
1N4708 | 22 | 1N4759A | 62 | 1N5746 | 27 | 1N6021 | 75 |
1N4709 | 24 | 1N4760A | 68 | 1N5747 | 30 | 1N6022 | 82 |
1N4710 | 25 | 1N4761A | 75 | 1N5748 | 33 | 1N6023 | 91 |
1N4711 | 27 | 1N5236 | 7.5 | 1N5749 | 36 | 1N6024 | 100 |
1N4712 | 28 | 1N5237 | 8.2 | 1N5750 | 39 | 1N6025 | 110 |
1N4713 | 30 | 1N5238 | 8.7 | 1N5985 | 2.4 | 1N6026 | 120 |
1N4714 | 33 | 1N5239 | 9.1 | 1N5986 | 2.7 | 1N6027 | 130 |
1N4715 | 36 | 1N5240 | 10 | 1N5987 | 3 | 1N6028 | 150 |
1N4716 | 39 | 1N5241 | 11 | 1N5988 | 3.3 | 1N6029 | 160 |
1N4717 | 43 | 1N5242 | 12 | 1N5989 | 3.6 | 1N6030 | 180 |
1N4728A | 3.3 | 1N5243 | 13 | 1N5990 | 3.9 | 1N6031 | 200 |
肖特基势垒二极管SBD(SchottkyBarrierDiode,简称肖特基二极管)是近年来间世的低功耗、大电流、超高速半导体器件。其反向恢复时间极短(可以小到几纳秒),正向导通压降仅0.4V左右,而整流电流却可达到几千安培。这些优良特性是快恢复二极管所无法比拟的。中、小功率肖特基整流二极管大多采用封装形式。
结构原理
肖特基二极管是贵金属(金、银、铝、铂等)A为正极,以N型半导体B为负极,利用二者接触面上形成的势垒具有整流特性而制成的多属-半导体器件。因为N型半导体中存在着大量的电子,贵金属中仅有极少量的自由电子,所以电子便从浓度高的B中向浓度低的A中扩散。显然,金属A中没有空穴,也就不存在空穴自A向B的扩散运动。随着电子不断从B扩散到A,B表面电子浓度表面逐渐降轻工业部,表面电中性被破坏,于是就形成势垒,其电场方向为B→A。但在该电场作用之下,A中的电子也会产生从A→B的漂移运动,从而消弱了由于扩散运动而形成的电场。当建立起一定宽度的空间电荷区后,电场引起的电子漂移运动和浓度不同引起的电子扩散运动达到相对的平衡,便形成了肖特基势垒。
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典型的肖特基整流管的内部电路结构如图1所示。它是以N型半导体为基片,在上面形成用砷作掺杂剂的N-外延层。阳极(阻档层)金属材料是钼。二氧化硅(SiO2)用来消除边缘区域的电场,提高管子的耐压值。N型基片具有很小的通态电阻,其掺杂浓度较H-层要高100%倍。在基片下边形成N+阴极层,其作用是减小阴极的接触电阻。通过调整结构参数,可在基片与阳极金属之间形成合适的肖特基势垒,当加上正偏压E时,金属A和N型基片B分别接电源的正、负极,此时势垒宽度Wo变窄。加负偏压-E时,势垒宽度就增加。
PartNumber 型号 | SCHOTTKY BARRIERDIODE Main Electrical Characteristics主要电气特性参数 | Package封装 | |||||
Maximum Peak Reverse Voltage PRVVPK 最大向 | Maximum Average Rectified Current@Half-wave Resistive Load 60Hz IO @ TL AAV 最大平均整流电流 | Maximum Forward Peak Surge Current@8.3ms Superimposed IFM(Surge) APK 最大正向峰值浪涌电流 | Maximum Reverse Current @PRV @25oCTA IR μAdc 最大反向电流 | Maximum Forward Voltage @25℃ TAIFM APK 最大正向电压(峰值电流) | Maximum Forward Voltage @25℃ TAVFM VPK 最大正向电压(峰值电压) | ||
1N17 | 20 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.45 | R-1 |
1N18 | 30 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.50 | |
1N19 | 40 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.60 | |
1N5817 | 20 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.450 | DO-41 |
1N5818 | 30 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.550 | |
1N5819 | 40 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.600 | |
1N5820 | 20 | 3.0 | 80 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.475 | DO-201AD |
1N5821 | 30 | 3.0 | 80 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.500 | |
1N5822 | 40 | 3.0 | 80 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.525 | |
1S20 | 20 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | R-1 |
1S30 | 30 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
1S40 | 40 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
1S50 | 50 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
1S60 | 60 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SB120 | 20 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | DO-41 |
SB130 | 30 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
SB140 | 40 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
SB150 | 50 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SB160 | 60 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SB180 | 80 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SB1A0 | 100 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 | |
SB220 | 20 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | DO-15 |
SB230 | 30 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
SB240 | 40 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
SB250 | 50 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SB260 | 60 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SB270 | 70 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SB280 | 80 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SB290 | 90 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SB2A0 | 100 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SB320 | 20 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | DO-201AD |
SB330 | 30 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | |
SB340 | 40 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | |
SB350 | 50 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 | |
SB360 | 60 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 | |
SB380 | 80 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.85 | |
SB3A0 | 100 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.00 | |
SB520 | 20 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.55 | |
SB530 | 30 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.55 | |
SB540 | 40 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.55 | |
SB550 | 50 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.70 | |
SB560 | 60 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.70 | |
SB580 | 80 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.85 | |
SB5A0 | 100 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.85 | |
SB2100 | 100 | 2.0 | 50 | - | - | 0.85 | |
SS12 | 20 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | DO-214AC |
SS13 | 30 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
SS14 | 40 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
SS15 | 50 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SS16 | 60 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SS18 | 80 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SS110 | 100 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SK12 | 20 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | DO-214AA |
SK13 | 30 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
SK14 | 40 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | |
SK15 | 50 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SK16 | 60 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | |
SK18 | 80 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SK110 | 100 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | |
SK22 | 20 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.55 | |
SK23 | 30 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.55 | |
SK24 | 40 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.55 | |
SK25 | 50 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.70 | |
SK26 | 60 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.70 | |
SK28 | 80 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.85 | |
SK210 | 100 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.85 | |
SK32 | 20 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | |
SK33 | 30 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | |
SK34 | 40 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | |
SK35 | 50 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 | |
SK36 | 60 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 |