爱华网Book One Module 1
My First Day at Senior High
My name is Li Kang. I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not _________ (远离)Beijing. It is the capital city of Hebei ___________(省). Today is my first day at Senior High school and I’m ____________(写下) my thoughts about it.
My new school is very good and I can see why. The teachers are very ____________(热心的) and ____________(友好的) and the classrooms are amazing. Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. The teachers write on the computer, and their words __________(出现) on the screen behind them. The screen also shows photographs, text and ___________(信息) from websites. They’re______________(极好)!
The English class is really interesting. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman ___________(名叫) Ms Shen. We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s __________(方法)of teaching is _____________(根本不象) ______(one/it/that) of the teachers at my Junior High school. She thinks that reading _____________(理解)is important, but we speak a lot in class, too. And we_____ __________(很高兴). I don’t think I will be ______(boring/bored) in Ms Shen’s class.
Today we _____________ (介绍) ourselves to each other. We did this ___________（分组）. Some students were ___________(尴尬的) _________（起初） but everyone was very friendly and it was really nice. Ms Shen gave us ____________(指示) and then we worked __________(独自).
Ms Shen wants to help us ______________(改善) our spelling and handwriting. We do this in a ________(有趣) way, with spelling games and other activities. I like her __________(态度) very much, and the ___________(行为、举止) of the other students shows that they like her, too.
There are sixty-five students in my class—_________________(多于) my __________(以前的)class in Junior High. Forty-nine of them are girls.________________(换句话说), there are ______________________________（女生人数是男生人数的三倍）. They say that girls are usually more ____________(用功)than boys, but in this class, everyone is hard-working. _____(To/As/For)our homework tonight, we have to write a ____________(描述) of the street where we live. I’m ___________________(盼望着做这件事).
答案：略
Book One Module 2
My New Teachers
They say that first impressions are very important. My first impression___(to/of) Mrs. Li was that she was ______（紧张的） and shy. I think perhaps she was, as it was her first lesson with us. But now, after two weeks, the class really likes working with her. She’s kind and __________(耐心), and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it! She ________（避免）__ (to make/making) you feel _____(愚蠢的). I’ve always hated making mistakes or _____________(发音) a word ___________(错误地) when I speak English, but Mrs. Li just smiles, ___________(以便) you don’t feel completely stupid! I think maybe she goes a bit too slowly for the faster students, but for me it’s wonderful! I feel I’m going to __________(取得进步) with her.
I’d guess that Mrs. Chen is almost sixty. She’s very strict. We don’t dare __(saying/dare/to say) a word ______(除非) she asks us ___(to/不填). She’s also very serious and doesn’t smile much. When she asks you to do something, you do it __________(立刻)! There are a few students in our class who keep ______(come) to class late but they’re always _________ (准时) Mrs. Chen’s lessons! Some of our class don’t like her, but most of us really appreciate her because her teaching is so well _______(有组织的) and clear. And a few students even admit______(like) her! During __________(科学的) experiments, she explains exactly what is happening and ______________(因此), my work is improving. Physics will never be my favorite lesson, but I think that I’ll _________（做得不错） in the exam with Mrs. Chen ______ (teach) me.
Mr Wu’s only ___(taught/been teaching) us for two weeks and he’s already very popular. I think this is because he really enjoys _____(teach) Chinese literature—he loves it ________(事实上)! He’s got so much________(精力), this is one class you do not fall asleep______(不填/ in)! He is about 28, I think, and is rather good-looking. He talks ________(大声地)and fast, and ______(挥手) his hands about a lot when he gets excited. He’s really amusing and ___________(讲笑话) when he thinks we’re getting ________(bore). Even things like compositions and summaries are _______(有趣的事) with Mr. Wu. I _________ (尊敬)him a lot.
答案：略
Book One Module 3
My First Ride on a Train
My name is Alice Thompson. I come from Sydney, Australia and I’m 18 years old. Recently I had my first ride on a long __(distance/distant) train. And ____（what/how） a ride! A friend and I traveled on the famous Ghan train. We _________(上车) in Sydney and we ________(下车) in Alice Springs, _____________（就在……的中部）Australia, more than four thousand kilometers ____(far/away). We spent two days and nights on the train.
The train was wonderful and the food was great. We ate great meals _____(cook) by ______ （专家）. For the first ____(a few/few) hundred kilometers of the _________（旅程）, the ________（景色）was very wonderful. There were fields and the soil was dark red. After that, it was _______（沙漠）. The sun shone, there was no wind and there were no clouds in the sky. Suddenly, it looked like a place from another time. We saw ______(abandon) farms which were built more than 100 years ago.
The train was comfortable and the people were nice. _________(在白天), I sat and looked out of the window, and sometimes talked to other passengers. I read books and listened to my Chinese ________（磁带）. One night, ___(in/at)about _______（半夜）, I ___(noticed/saw/watched) the night sky for about an hour. The stars shone like ____________（钻石）.
Why is the train called the Ghan? A long time ago, Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country. They tried_____(to ride/ riding) horses, but the horses didn’t like the hot weather and the sand. A hundred and fifty years ago, they brought some ______（骆驼） from Afghanistan. Ghan _________(是…的略写)Afghanistan.
Camels were ____（very/much）better than horses for traveling a long distance. For many years, _______(train) camels __(carried/took/brought/fetched) food and other _______(供应品), and retuned with wool and other ____________(产品).
The Afghans and their camels did this until _____(20世纪20年代). Then the government built a new railway line, so they didn’t need the camels _________（不再）. In 1925 they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem. In 1935, the police in a town ____(shot at/shot) 153 camels in one day.
答案：略
Book One Module 4
A Lively City
XL: It is great to see you again, John.
JM: It is great to see you again. It__(was/will be /has been) six years __(before/since/when) we __(last time/last) saw each other., you know. And this is the first time I_(visited/have visited) your hometown.
XL: Yes, I’m glad you could come.
JM: You know, I’ve seen quite a lot of China and I’ve visited some beautiful cities but this is one of the most __________(吸引人的) places I’ve _(gone/been) to. It’s so lively and everyone seems so friendly.
XL: Yes, it’s one of the most interesting cities on the coast, everyone says so. I feel very fortunate __(live/lived/living)here. And I love living by the sea..
JM: You live in the northwest of Xiamen, is that right?
XL: Yes, _(that’s all right/you’ve got it right/all right/that’s right).
JM__________________(气候怎么样)?
XL: Pretty hot and wet in summer, but it can be quiet cold in winter,
JM: Sounds OK to me. There are a lot of __________(观光客) around. Don’t they _________(打搅)you?
XL: Yes, they can be a nuisance in summer because there are so many of them. You don’t really see tourists where I live.
JM: Oh, look at that huge apartment block.!
XL: Yes, they’ve just completed it. The _______(租金)for an apartment is very _____(high/expensive).
JM: I ____(believe in/believe) you! This area’s so modern.
XL: Yes, this is the business district. They’ve _________（建起） a lot of ___________(摩天大厦) recently. And there are some great shopping malls. See, we’re just passing one now. my wife’s just bought a dress from one of the shop centers
JM: Maybe I could buy a few present there.
XL: I’ll be take you there tomorrow. Now we’re leaving the business district and _________(接近)the harbour. We’re entering the western district., the most interesting part of the city. It’s got some really pretty parks.
JM: It seems lovely. Is that Gulangyu Island just _____(在…对面)the water?
XL: Yes, it is. It’s _________(美丽宜人的) island with some really interesting ____________(建筑).
JM: So they tell me. Do you think we could stop and walk around for a while?
XL: Yes, I _____(am/was) just going to do that. We can _______(停车)over there. A friend’s told me about a_________________________________（漂亮的小海鲜馆）near here. Shall we go there for lunch?
JM: That sounds great. I ____________(我要饿死了)!
答案：略
Book One Module 5
Passage A
It is hard to _________（想象） a world without metals. Different _______(金属) have different uses, for example, steel is used in cars, and iron is used in electrical __________（设备）. When we use metals, it is important to know how they ________(与……反应) different __________(物质), for example, water and________(氧气). The _________(反应) of metals with these __________(物质) can ____________（排列顺序）. Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top, and the metals that react least at the ________(底部).
Passage B
Below is a __________(描述)of a simple _________(科学)experiment. It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water.
Aim: To find out if iron _________(生锈) (a) in the dry air (b) in water that has no air in it(air free water) (c) in _________(普通) water.
Apparatus: 3 clean iron nails, test tubes, test tube holder, cotton wool, oil, Bunsen burner.
答案：略
Book One Module 6
The Internet is the biggest ____________(来源) of information in the world, and it’s __________(可使用的)through a computer. It ____________(由……组成)millions of pages of data.
In 1969, DARPA, a US___________ (防卫)organization, _____________(研发)a way for all their computers to “talk” to each other _______(通过)the telephone. They __________（创造）a network of computers _____(calling/called)DARPANET. For fifteen years, only the US army could use this system of communication. Then in 1984, the US National Science Foundation(NSF) started the NSFNET network. It then became possible for universities to use the system__________（也）. NSFNET became known ______ (as/to/for)the Inter-work, or “Internet”.
The World Wide Web is a computer network that _________(允许)computer users to ________(读取)information from millions of websites _________/________(通过)the Internet. ______________（目前）, about 80 __________（百分之……的） of web traffic ______(is/are) in English, but this ________(百分率)is ________ ________(下降). _______(By/In/At) 2020,much web traffic could be in Chinese.
The World Wide Web was _________（发明） in 1991 by an English scientist, Tim Berners-Lee built his first computer while he was at university _______(使用)an old television. He _______________(想出)the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.
Berners-Lee _____________________(使它成为可能)_____(of/for) everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army. He __________(设计)the first “web browser”, ______(it/that/which) allowed computer users to access documents from other computers. ________________(从那时起), the web and the Internet grew. Within five years, ______(a/the) number of Internet users ________(增长)from 600,000 to 40 million.
The Internet has created thousands of millionaires, but Berners-Lee is not one of them. Everyone in the world can access the Internet ________(使用)his World Wide Web system. He now _________(担任)a lecturer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston.
答案：略
Book Two Module 1
The health care system of a country is very important and different countries have different ___1___ (way) of paying for it．
Britain was the first country in the world to have a __2___ health care system paid for by the government．Health care is free for everyone __3__ (live) in Britain．
Most doctors and nurses work for the government and most hospitals are __4__ (拥有) by the government．__5__ recently this system was very successful but recently there have been problems．This is because the government has not __6__ (投入）enough money into the health service．__7__ (结果), more people are using private health insurance．They see doctors who work for themselves and pay the doctors __8__ (by, with, through) the health insurance company．
In America the system is very different．Most people have private health insurance．
Doctors work __9__ themselves and hospitals are __10__ (私人) owned．The health
insurance company __11__ (pays, pays for, pay off) the doctors and the hospitals． The problem __12__ (with, of, to for ) this system is that poorer people don’t have the money to pay for private health insurance．As a result, they often have both health and money problems．
Canada has a different system __13__．Health care is __14__ (免费)．Doctors work privately and hospitals are privately owned．When you become ill，medical __15__ (费用) are paid for by the government．
答案：1. ways 2. free 3. living 4. owned 5. Until 6. put 7. As a result 8.
through 9. for 10. privately 11. pays 12. with 13. again 14. free 15. fees
Book Two Module 2
The Bitter Experience of My Friend
I have a good friend．who used to be a drug addict．
One day，he was invited by some friends to a cafe，where they enjoyed themselves greatly．Then an __1__ of about 40 offered him a __2__．In order to relax himself，he accepted it．This changed his life．There was some cocaine inside it．At first he felt very good and then excited．Soon he became
__3__ to cocaine．He would feel __4__ if he didn’t take it．This cost him a lot of money．It was not __5__ that he would ask his parents for so much money．So he began to do
some __6__ things，including __7__ in stores，stealing money from classmates and even having connection with several criminals．Then he __8__ a group of gangsters who were all __9__ in various bad things．
One day while __10__ a shop，he was caught and sent to the police station．Only then did he realize the danger of taking drugs．__11__ ，he was forced to give it up and receive __12__ ．Three months later，he returned home．
答案：1．adult 2．cigarette 3．addicted 4．horrible 5．1ikely 6．illegal 7．shoplifting
8．belonged to 9．participants 10．breaking into 11．As a result 12．treatment
Book Two Module 3
Ye Xiaogang
Ye Xiaogang，who 1--------(出生) in 1955，is one of a group of Chinese
composers known 2-------- the New Tide．He writes symphonies and pieces
for smaller groups of musicians．He also writes film music．He 3-------（表现）musical ability 4------- an early age and began studying piano when he was
four years old．
From 1978 till 1983．he studied at the Central Conservatory of Music
5------- China．After graduation，he worked there 6------ a lecturer．
In 1985．7------ （举行）a concert of Ye Xiaogang’s symphonies in Beijing．
8-------- that time， he has been one of the 9-------- （lead）modern composers of
Chinese classical music．In 1986．his album Horizon 10-------- (诞生了) and his
music was played at the First Contemporary Chinese Composers’
Festival in Hong Kong．He is famous 11------- mixing Chinese musical
traditions 12------- western forms and instrumentation．
Ye is a member of the Beijing music group Eclipse．Eclipse is perhaps
the first independent music group in China which plays 13------（由...写的作品）modern Chinese composers．In November 1996，the group played
with Italian musician Enrico Rava at the Beijing International Jazz
Festival．
Ye Xiaogang has 14------- (收到) many prizes, in China and in other
countries．Since 1993, he 15------ (work) part of the time in Beijing
and part of the time in the U.S.．He’s a professor of music at the Central
Conservatory of Music of China，and composes pieces for the Shanghai
Symphony Orchestra．
答案：1. was born 2. as 3. showed 4. at 5. of 6. as 7. there was 8. From
9. leading 10. appeared 11. for 12. with 13. works by 14. received 15. has worked
Book Two Module 4
A
This is a painting 1------ the Spanish artist，Pablo Picasso，2-------(consider) to be the greatest 3 ------- artist of the twentieth century．Picasso and another painter，George Braque，started Cubism，one of the most important of all modern art movements．Cubist artists painted objects and people，4------ different aspects of the object or person 5------- (show) at the same time．
B
This painting by contemporary American artist Roy Lichtenstein(1923—1997)is a world famous 6------- of pop art．Pop art (from the word “popular”)was an important modern art movement that 7------ (目的) to show ordinary twentieth—century city life．For example，it shows things 8-------(像) soup cans and advertisements
C
Qi Baishi(1863—1957)，one of 9-------- （Chinese, china’s）greatest painters，followed the traditional Chinese style of painting．Chinese painting is known 10------- (as, to, for) its brush drawings 11------ （with, of, in）black inks and natural colors．Qi Baishi observed the world of nature very carefully, and his paintings are 12------- because of this．
D
Xu Beihong(1895—1953)was one of China's best—known twentieth—century artists．Like Qi Baishi，Xu painted 13------- the traditional Chinese style．Both painters 14----- (had, have) a beautiful brush line．Xu Beihong believed that artists should show reality, 15------(but, and) not just imitate it．Instead，a picture should try to show the“life”of its subject．He is 16------ (very, most) famous for his 17-------(live, lively, alive, lovely) paintings of horses．
E
I'm studying art at school，and I enjoy it a lot，although I can get tired 18------ looking at pictures all the time．I'm crazy 19.----- the paintings of Qi Baishi．and this delightful picture of the little shrimps is such a 20-------(lovely, lively) example of his 21------ (works, work)．But I can’t 22------ (忍受) that picture of a golden—haired girl．I think it's stupid．
F
My parents are 23------(found, fond) of going to art galleries and often take me with them，so I've 24------- (产生) an interest in art．I must say, I love that picture of the six horses．They look so alive．It's by a Chinese artist，isn’t it? I can tell 25------- the style．I think the painting of the young girl is probably by Picasso．I really like him．I think he's an extraordinary artist．
答案：1. by 2. considered 3. western 4. with 5. showing 6. example 7. aimed 8. such as 9. China's 10. for 11. in 12. special 13. in 14. have 15. but 16. most 17. lively 18. of 19. about 20. lovely 21. work 22. stand 23. fond 24. developed 25. by
Book Two Module 5
Chinese Taikonaut Back on Earth!
1
1-------(中国的) first taikonaut Lieutenant Colonel Yang Liwei landed safely this morning in the Shenzhou V capsule in Inner Mongolia，300 kilometres northwest of Beijing．Yang was in space for twenty—one and a half hours and 2------ （绕.......转）14 orbits of the earth．
“It is a great moment in the history of China—and also the greatest day of my life，”said Yang．When he 3------- (orbit) in the capsule，he took photographs of planet earth．“Our planet is so beautiful，” he said．
The Beijing Space Control Centre said the flight was a“complete success”．When Yang landed，Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Centre to 4------- (show; offer) his congratulations．
When Yang took off 5------ Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday, China became the third nation to send a man into space．Yang is the 438th person to travel in space，including astronauts from 32 countries．In total，these astronauts 6------- (spend) more than 26，000 days in space.
2
While he was traveling in space，Yang spoke to two astronauts 7-------(在……上) the International Space Station，which is orbiting the earth，American astronaut Edward Lu and Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko．Lu，whose parents were born in China，spoke to Yang in Chinese during his flight．“Welcome to space，”he said．Malenchenko said，”I am glad there is somebody else in space with us．It's great work 8------- thousands and thousands of people from China．”
3
Many countries around the world 9------- （gave; showed; offered; sent) messages of congratulations．Sean o’Keefe from NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)in the US said that Yang's space flight was “an important 10--------(历史) achievement and NASA wishes China 11-------- （continue）success with its space flight program”．United Nations Secretary—General Kofi Annan called the flight “a step forward 12------ the whole world”．
答案：1. China's 2. made 3. was orbiting 4. offer 5. from 6. have spent 7. aboard
8. by 9. sent 10. historical 11. continuing 12. for
Book Two Module 6
Martial arts films are often enjoyable but they are 1------(很少) great art．Now,2----- everyone's surprise，Ang Lee，director of 3------- （很多）excellent films，has made a 4------ （功夫片）called Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon．The result is a masterpiece．
The film belongs to a type of Chinese story 5----- （call）wuxia．These stories 6------- (讲述了) nineteenth—century martial arts masters 7------- （具有）unusual abilities．Wuxia films 8------ （be）popular in China，and they are now popular in the west too．
The story 9------- (发生) in the early 1800s in China．A man and a woman，Li Mubai (played by Chow Yun—Fat)and Yu Xiulian (played by Michelle Yeoh)，both masters of the martial arts, are in love with each other．But Xiulian 10------ （has; had）a fiance who has died．Because this fiance was a good friend of Mubai，Mubai feels that he cannot 11------ (与……结婚) Xiulian．When someone steals Xiulian's sword，Mubai and Xiulian try to get it back．The action takes place on Peking rooftops，and in places 12------- （远在）the deserts of 13------- （中国西部）．As in the old wuxia stories， characters leap through the air every now and then，with beautiful，graceful movements，while audiences shout 14------- （惊奇地）．
Unusually, 15------- is the female characters 16------ interest us most．Brave，good and strong， Xiulian is the character we 17------ （关注）most． Beautiful Zhang Ziyi 18------ （扮演）the part of Yu Jiaolong，a young woman who is not as good as she seems．The fight 19------- （场面）between Jiaolong and Xiulian are some of the most exciting moments in modern cinema．But one cannot forget the wonderful ChowYun—Fat，20------- （他使剑和使枪一样厉害）．His romantic scenes with Yu Xiulian are very moving，as their eyes show all the love that they 21------ （不能言传）Films like this 22---- （很少）reach the cinema．Go and see Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon． It will make your heart leap with excitement at its beauty
答案：1. seldom 2. to 3. a number of 4. martial arts film 5. called 6. tell of 7. with 8. are 9. takes place 10. had 11. marry 12. as far away as 13. western China 14. in surprise
15. it 16. that 17. care about 18. plays 19. scenes 20. who is as good with a sword as he is with a gun 21. must not express in words． 22. rarely
Book Three Module 1
Great European Cities
PARIS
Paris is the capital and largest city of France，__1__(situate) on the River Seine．It is one of the most beautiful cities __2__ the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year．The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous __3__ of Paris．One of the world's largest art galleries，the Louvre，is also __4__ (位于) in Paris．The city is also famous __5__ its restaurants，cafes and theatres．About __6__ (三分之二) of France's artists and writers live in Paris．
BARCELONA
Barcelona is __7__ (第二大) of Spain and is situated __8__ the northeast coast，about five hundred kilometres east of the Spanish capital，Madrid．One of Barcelona's most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia，which was __9__ by an architect called Antonio Gaudi．Gaudi worked __10__ the project from 1882 __11__ his death in l926．The church __12__ (到现在还没有完工) yet!
FLORENCE
Florence is an Italian city which became famous __13__ （因为）the Renaissance，a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and __14__ (持续) three hundred years．During the Renaissance，some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence． Many of Florence's most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists __15__ (像) Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo．Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who come to see the art galleries，churches and museums．The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city
ATHENS
Athens，the capital of Greece，is known __16__ the birthplace of __17__ (西方文明)．Two thousand four hundred years ago，it was the world's most powerful city．Buildings such as the Parthenon __18__ the Acropolis Hill were built during this period．Greece's best writers lived in ancient Athens．Their work __19__ (影响) other writers __20__ (自此以来)．
答案：1. situated 2. in 3. symbol 4. located 5. for 6. two—thirds 7. the second largest city 8. on 9. designed 10. on 11. until 12. hasn’t been finished 13. because of
14. lasted for 15. such as 16. as 17. western civilization 18. on 19. has influenced
20. ever since
Book Three Module 2
In the year 2000，147 world leaders agreed to work together to reduce poverty __1__ 2015 or earlier．__2__ (To; For; From; With ) this agreement came the Human Development Report．
One of the most important __3__ (部分) of this report is the Human Development Index．This examines the achievements of 175 countries． The Index measures a country's achievement __4__ (by; with; on; in) three ways：life expectancy(how long people usually live)，education and income．The index has some surprises．Norway is at the top of the list，__5__ the US is __6__ number 7．The other top five countries are：Iceland(2)，Sweden(3)， Australia(4)，the Netherlands(5)．The UK is __7__ the thirteenth position，while China is __8__ (处于中游) of the list．__9__ (最后) ten countries are all __10__ (非洲) countries, with Sierra Leone(in West Africa)at the bottom of the list．
The report describes eight Development Goals． The most important goals are to：
·reduce poverty and hunger；
·__11__ (确保) that all children have education __12__ (到) the age of 1l；
·fight AIDS and other diseases；
·improve the environment of poor people，
e．g．make sure they have safe drinking water；
·encourage __13__ (发达) countries to give more help to other countries．
The 2003 Human Development Report gives examples of successful development．For
example，in nine years(1953-1962)，China increased life expectancy __14__ 13 years．In the last ten years in China，150 million people __15__ (走出) poverty．However, the challenges are still great．Every day 799 million people in developing countries are hungry．Over half of these are in South Asia or Africa．Although more than 80％of children in developing countries go to primary school，about 115 million children __16__ (正处于非教育状态)．More than l billion people in developing countries do not drink safe water．However，in other regions of the world，e．g．Eastern Europe，water is now mostly safe to drink．
The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to __17__ (做出更进一步的努力)．Although rich countries give some financial help，they need to give __18__ (更多)．Interestingly, the countries that give the most money are the Netherlands，Norway and Sweden．These are among the five richest countries in the world，so it is right that they should do so.
答案：1. by 2. From 3. sections 4. in 5. while 6. at 7. in 8. in the middle 9. The bottom
10. African 11. make sure 12. up to 13. developed 14. by 15. has movedmoved out of 16. are not being educated 17. make greater efforts 18. much more
Book Three Module 3
The Violence of Nature
What Is a Tornado?
A tornado is __1__ (一柱滚动的空气) from a thunderstorm to the ground．The most
violent __2__ (have, has, is, are) winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour．Almost all of them occur in the US，in the area __3__ Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north．
Tornadoes can __4__ (卷起) cars，trains and even houses and put them down in the
next street—or even in the next town．They can take __5__ (毛) off the back of a cat and __6__ (毛) off a chicken．They can destroy houses，but __7__ (留下) the furniture inside exactly __8__ (how, where, there, what) it was．
On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，__9__ (导致) about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries．The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1 925，affecting three US states： Missouri，Illinois and Indiana．__10__ the time it ended，more than 700 people had been killed and 2．700 had been injured．
What Ts a Hurricane ?
Hurricanes are strong tropical storms，and they usually occur in the southern Atlantic Ocean，the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico．__11__ (They, There) are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more，which cause huge waves，heavy rain and floods．There are on average six Atlantic hurricanes each year and they usually affect the east coast of the US from Texas to Maine．
The __12__ (biggest, worst, largest) hurricane disaster of all time occurred on the 8th September 1900 in Galveston，Texas．Winds of 200 kilometres per hour and five—meter high waves __13__ (袭击) the city．The disaster killed 6，000 people in a population of 37，000 and destroyed 3,600 buildings．
An Extraordinary Event
This __14__ (was, is, has been) a story about the 1900 Galveston hurricane．
Charles Coghlan was a nineteenth—century Irish actor who went to live in Canada．He
then moved to New York, where he became famous．By the late 1890s，he __15__ (move) to Galveston，where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck．The cemetery
where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlang coffin ended
up in the sea．
Eight years later，the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his __16__ on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada．The Gulf Stream __17__ (carry) it 3．000 kilometres up the eastern US coast to Prince Edward Island．Coghlan traveled __18__ (again, forward, off, back) to Canada —after he had been buried in Texas!
答案：1. a rotating column of air 2. have 3. from 4. pick up 5. the fur 6. the feathers
7. leave 8. where 9. causing 10. By 11. There 12. worst 13. hit 14. is 15. had moved
16. home 17. had carried 18. back
Book Three Module 4
Sandstorms in Asia
Sandstorms __1__ (be) a major disaster for many __2__ (亚洲) countries for centuries．
Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China，a mass campaign
__3__ (已经开始了) to help solve it．
Sandstorms are strong，dry winds that __4__ (take, carry, get, send) sand．They are often __5__ (如此的浓密) that you cannot see the sun，and the wind is sometimes __6__ (如此的猛烈) to move sand dunes．The
four main places in the world where there are sandstorms are Central Asia，North
America，Central Africa and Australia．RenJianbo，from Inner Mongolia, described a
terrible sandstorm he experienced __7__ a child in the desert．“__8__ (遇到) a sandstorm was a terrible experience，”he said．“There was __9__ (毫无办法)．It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation __10__ (我所遇到的)．You just had to hope you’d survive．I thought I was going to disappear __11__ the sand．”
__12__ (中国西北部) is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia．Sandstorms begin
in desert areas．Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years __13__ (由于) “desertification”．This is a process that happens when land becomes desert __14__ (由于)climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass．
Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing．Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick，brown—yellow dust．The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes __15__ difficult to see．
The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks __16__ it
arrives in Beijing，but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people．When
a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts __17__ (建议人们不要外出)．Huang
Xiaomei，who lives in Beijing says，“__18__ (骑车) in a sandstorm is frightening．The
winds are very strong．It's difficult to breathe and the dust makes me i11．So if you want to go out，you’d better __19__ (戴口罩)．”
The desert is only 250 kilometres away to the west of Beijing．To prevent it __20__ (来的更近)，the government is planting trees． Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years．
答案：1. have been 2. Asian 3. has been started 4. carry 5. so thick 6. strong enough
7. as 8. To have been caught in 9. nothing to be done 10. I've ever been in
11. under 12. Northwest China 13. as a result of 14. because of 15. it 16. before
17. advise people not to go out 18. To be cycling 19. wear a mask 20. coming nearer
Book Three Module 5
Philosophers of Ancient China
Confucius
Ancient China was a place where __1__ (countries, nations, states) were often __2__ war with each other．But __3__ (this, it, that) was also a time when there were many great philosophers．Confucius (55lBC一479BC)__4__ (was, has been, is) the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest．He stressed the importance of kindness， duty and order in society．__5__ (Chinese, China’s, China) society was influenced by these ideas for more than 2．000 years．
Mencius
Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar __6__ that of Confucius．Mencius was born in 372 BC．His father died when he was young，and he __7__ (养育) by his mother．He became a student of Confucius’ideas，and was then given an important position in the government of a state．However，when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice，he resigned．For many years he traveled from state to state，__8__ (传教) the principles of Confucius．He then became an adviser to another ruler．He spent his last years preparing a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius．Mencius believed that the reason why man is different __9__ animals is __10__ (why, how, that) man is good．He taught that if the government was kind，then people would be good．He believed that people were more important than rulers，and hated the state __11__ (when, where, that) it treated people badly．
Mozi
Mozi was another teacher who was very influential．__12__ (出生) in 476 BC，he came from a family which was very poor．He became famous for his unusual clothes and behavior．Mozi __13__ (found, discovered, founded) the philosophy called Mohism．__14__(在某种程度上)， his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius．For example，he considered that government was __15__ (the most, most) important．As a result，he spent many years trying to find a state where people would follow
his teachings．Mozi believed that all men were equal．His idea of love was __16__ (不同于) the Confucian idea of kindness．Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and 1ook after those who are weaker than ourselves．He hated the idea of war．Mozi died in 390 BC．
答案：1. states 2. at 3. it 4. is 5. Chinese 6. to 7. was brought up 8. teaching 9. from
10. that 11. when 12. Born 13. founded 14. In some ways 15. most 16. different from
Book Three Module 6
Old and New
“Walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain”
Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed __1__ “walls of stone to hold back
clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”．Now his dream __2__（成为）true．The power of the Yangtze River, which is the world's __3__ (第三长) river, has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam．
The Three Gorges Dam，which is the biggest construction project in China since the
building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal，__4__ (建起来) to control flooding
and provide hydro-electric power for __5__ (中国中部地区)．The dam is nearly
200 meters high and 1．5 kilometres wide． It is __6__ (最大的水力发电站) and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history．
Sun Yat—sen，who was the leader of the 191l Revolution，first suggested the idea
of a dam __7__ (through, across, over, on) the Yangtze River in 1919． Three quarters of China's energy is produced by __8__ (烧煤)．In 1993，China used 1．2 billion tons of coal for __9__ (取暖) electricity．Unfortunately, burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases global __10__ (变暖)．The dam will generate electricity __11__ (相当于) about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution．
The reservoir __12__ (淹没了) 2 cities．11 counties，140 towns and more than
4，000 villages．More than a million people who lived in the region have moved from their homes．Now they __13__ (过着一种幸福的新生活) in different areas．
The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China’s most famous __14__ (历史遗址)， including the Qu Yuan Temple，the Han Watchtower and the Moya Cliff carvings．About 800 historical relics have been submerged．Some of them __15__ (在被迁移) and some are being put into museums．
答案：1. of 2. has come 3. third longest 4. has been built 5. the central region of China
6. the largest hydro—electric power station 7. across 8. burning coal 9. heating and generating 10. warming 11. equal to 12. has flooded 13. are living a happy new life 14. historical sites 15. are being removed
Book Four Module 1
The City of the Future
What will the city of the future look like? No one knows __1__ (肯定地)，and __2__ (doing, making, getting, telling) predictions is a risky business．But one thing is certain—they are going to get bigger __3__ they get smaller．In the future，__4__ (关心) the environment will become very important __5__ (随着) earth's natural resources __6__ (耗尽)．We will use lots of recycled materials，such as plastic， aluminium，steel，glass，wood and paper, and we will waste __7__ (较少) natural resources．We will also have to rely more __8__ alternative energy, such as solar and wind power．A11 this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which __9__ (be) not certain．
To find out __10__ (how, what, when) young people think about the future of urban life，a teacher __11__ a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would __12__ (manage, rule, run) a city of 50，000 people in the year 2025．Here are some of the ideas they __13__ (had, said, thought about):
Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems，the city will load huge spaceships __14__ waste materials and send them towards the sun，__15__ (避免) landfill and environmental problems．
Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals __16__ firing nets instead of guns．
Forget smoking __17__ (在未来城市的限定范围内将不允许吸烟)．Smoking will be possible only outside cities，and outdoors．
Forget the malls In the future all shopping will be __18__ (进行) online，and catalogues will have __19__ (sound, voice, noise) commands to place orders．
Telephones for life Everyone will be given a telephone number __20__ birth that will never change no matter __21__ (where, how, what) they live．
Recreation All forms of recreation，such as cinemas，bowling，softball，concerts and others，will be provided __22__ (免费) by the city．
Cars A1l cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy __23__ (or, and, but, yet) wind，and it will be possible to change the color of cars __24__ the flick of a switch．
Telesurgery Distance surgery will become common as doctors __25__ (实施) operations from thousands of miles away, with each city __26__ (has, having, to have) its own telesurgery outpatient clinic．
Holidays at home Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world __27__ (to use, using) high—tech cameras attached to their head.
Space travel Traveling in space __28__ ordinary citizens will be common．Each city will have its own spaceport．
答案：1. for sure 2. making 3. before 4. care for 5. as 6. run out 7. fewer 8. on 9. are
10. what 11. at 12. run 13. had 14. with 15. preventing 16. by 17. No smoking will be allowed within a future city's limits 18. done 19. voice 20. at 21. where
22. free of charge 23. or 24. at 25. carry out 26. having 27. using 28. by
Book Four Module 2
Getting Around in Beijing
Taxis
Taxis are __1__ the streets 24 hours a day. Simply raise your hand，__2__ (so, and, thus) a taxi appears in no time．They are usually red, and they display the price per kilometer on the window．You should check the cab has __3__ (营业执照)，and make sure you ask for a receipt．
Buses and trolleybuses
__4__ (公交) provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing．There are 20，000
buses and trolleybuses in Beijing，but they can get very crowded．__5__ (This, That, It) is a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour(6：30 am—8：00 am and 5：00 pm 一6：30 pm)．Fares are cheap，__6__ (起价) 1 yuan．Air-conditioned buses cost more．
Buses __7__ (编号为) 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre．Higher
numbers have destinations in the suburbs． Tourists shouldn’t miss the 103 bus which
offers one of the most impressive routes，__8__ the Forbidden City and the White
Pagoda in Beihai Park．If you get on a double—decker bus，make sure you sit
upstairs．You’11 have a good view of the rapidly __9__ （变化中的）city.
Most buses run from about 5：00 am to midnight．However, there is also a night
bus service，provided by buses __10__ a number in the 200s．
Minibuses
Minibuses __11__ (有12个乘客座位的) offer an alternative __12__ expensive taxis and crowded public transport in some areas．They run regular services and follow the same routes __13__ large public buses．And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours．
Underground
There are four underground lines in Beijing，and several lines are __14__ construction．Trains are fast and convenient，but rush hours can be terrible．A __15__ (单程) trip costs 3yuan．Station names are __16__ (displayed, marked, showed) __17__ (with, by, in) pinyin．The underground is __18__ (opening, opened, open) from 5：00 am to 11：00 pm．
Pedicabs
Tourists like these human—pedaled “tricycle taxis”，but they can be expensive．
You should talk to the driver，and make sure you know the price before you begin
the journey, for example，__19__ (when, if, because) it is per person， single or return．Tricycles are __20__ (值得一用) if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong)of old Beijing．
答案：1. on 2. and 3. a business permit 4. Public transport 5. It 6. starting at 7. numbered
8. past 9. changing 10. with 11. with seats for 12 passengers 12. to 13. as
14. under 15. one-way 16. marked 17. in 18. open 19. if 20. worth using
Book Four Module 3
If you say the word“communication”，most people think of words and sentences．
Although these are very important，we communicate __1__ more than just spoken
and __2__ (书面) words．Indeed, body positions are part of what we call“body language”． We see examples of unconscious body language very often，__3__ (然而) there is also“learned”body language，which varies from culture to culture．
We use ”learned” body language when we __4__ (介绍给) strangers．Like other animals，we are __5__ guard until we know it is safe to relax．__6__ every culture has developed a formal way to greet strangers，to __7__ (display, mark, show, tell) them we are not aggressive．Traditionally, Europeans and Americans shake hands．They do this __8__ (by, in, with) the right hand--the strongest hand for most people．If our right hand is busy __9__ (greet) someone，it cannot __10__ (拿着) a weapon．So the gesture is saying，“I __11__ (trust, believe, like) you．Look，I'm not carrying a threatening weapon.” If you shake hands with someone．you show you trust them．We shake hands when we __12__ (达成共识)．It means，“We agree and we trust each other．”
Greetings in __13__ (亚洲) countries do not involve touching the other person，but they always involve the hands．Traditionally in China，when we greet someone，we put the right hand over the left and bow slightly．Muslims give a “salaam”，__14__ (if, when, where) they touch their heart，mouth and forehead．Hindus __15__ (携手) and bow their heads in respect．In a11 of these examples，the hands are busy with the greeting and cannot hold a weapon．
Even today, when some people have very informal styles of greeting，they still use
their hands __16__ (like, as, with) a gesture of trust．American youths often greet each other __17__ (in, with, by) the expression．“Give me five!”One person then holds up his hand，__18__ (手掌朝外) and five fingers spread．The other person raises his hand and slaps the other’s open hand above the head in a“high five”． Nowadays，it is quite a common greeting．
Body language is fascinating __19__ anyone to study．People give away much more by
their gestures than __20__ (in, with, by) their words．Look at your friends and family and see __21__ (你是否是个能读解别人心事的人)!
答案：1. with 2. written 3. yet 4. are introduced to 5. on 6. So 7. show 8. with
9. greeting 10. be holding 11. trust 12. make a deal 13. Asian 14. where 15. join their hands 16. as 17. with 18. palm outwards 19. for 20. by 21. if you are a mind reader
Book Four Module 4
The Student Who Asked Questions
In a hungry world rice is a staple food and China is the world’s largest producer．Rice __1__ (也种植) in many other Asian countries，and in some European
countries like Italy．__2__ （在水稻种植界）， the Chinese scientist，Yuan Longping，is a leading figure．
Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China．__3__ a boy he was educated in many
schools and was given the nickname，“the student who asks questions”．
__4__ (自小) he was interested in plants． He studied agriculture in college and as a young teacher he began experiments __5__ crop breeding．He thought that __6__ (……的关键) feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. He thought there was only one way to do this—__7__ (in, with, from, by) crossing different species of rice plant，and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than __8__ (both, either, all, any) of the original plants．
First Yuan Longping experimented __9__ different types of rice．The results of his
experiments were published in China in 1966. Then he began his search __10__ a special type of rice plant．It had to be male．It had to be sterile．Finally in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant was __11__ (uncovered, discovered, made)．This was the breakthrough．Researchers were brought __12__ from all over China to develop the new system．The research was supported by the government.
As a result of Yuan Longping's discoveries Chinese rice production rose __13__ (at, by, with, from) 47.5 percent in the 1990's．There were other advantages too．50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields were converted to __14__ (grow, growing) vegetables and other cash crops．Following this，Yuan Longping's rice was exported to other countries，such as Pakistan and the Philippines.
In Pakistan rice is the second most important crop __15__ wheat and will be grown in many parts of the country．The new hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan Longping High-tech Agricultural Company of China．Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice __16__ (种植)in Pakistan．
答案：1. is also grown 2. In the rice一growing world 3. As 4. From an early age 5. in
6. the key to 7. by 8. either 9. with 10. for 11. discovered 12. in 13. by 14. growing
15. after 16. grown
Book Four Module 5
A Trip Around the Three Gorges
In August 1996,Peter Hessler, a young __1__ (美籍英语教师)，arrived in the town of Fuling __2__ the Yangtze Rive. He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at __3__ (教师进修学院)．They were the only foreigners in
the town．The fist semester finished at the end of January and they had four weeks __4__(out, off, away) for the Spring Festival．They could go anywhere they wished．They decided to take a boat downstream．
We decided to buy tickets for the Jiangyou boat．Our colleagues said，“You shouldn’t go on those ships．They are very crowded．They are mainly for goods and __5__ (沿江做生意的人)．They don’t stop at the temples and there won’t be any other foreigners．”That __6__ (listened, heard, sounded) fine to me．We just had to show our passports and they let us get on the boat．
We left the docks __7__ a beautiful afternoon．The sun was shining brightly as we sailed downstream __8__ (across, through) a hilly region．Men __9__ (drove, rode) bamboo rafts along the river's edge and coal boats went past．As the sun set we docked at Fengdu．We could see the sun __10__ (下落) behind the white pagoda．It was beautiful．
We slept through the first gorge, which is called the Qutang Gorge．The gorge
narrows to 350 feet as the river __11__ (goes, passes, runs, rushes) through the two—mile—high mountains．“Oh，well，”my friend said，“at least we __12__ (还有另外两个)．”
At Wushan we made a detour up the Daning River to see some of the smaller gorges．__13__ (第二天) we went through the big gorges on the Yangtze River．It was a lovely morning as we went through the Wu Gorge．We passed the Xiang River, home of Qu Yuan，the 3rd century BC poet．There was so much history along the Yangtze River．Every rock looked like a person or animal，every stream that joined the great river carried its legends，every hill was heavy __14__ the past．
As we came out of the third gorge，the Xiling Gorge，we sailed into the construction
site of the dam．A1l the passengers came on deck．We __15__ (拍照) and pointed at the site，but we weren’t allowed to get off the boat．The Chinese flag __16__ (在空中飘扬)．0n a distant mountain was a sign __17__ 20一foot characters．“Build the Three Gorges Dam，Exploit the Yangtze River，”it __18__(read, said, wrote)．
答案：1.American teacher of English 2. on 3. a teacher training college 4. off 5. people
trading along the river 6. sounded 7. on 8. through 9. rode 10. setting 11. rushes
12. have two more left 13. The next day 14. with 15. took pictures 16. was blowing in the wind 17. in 18. said
Book Four Module 6
Monster of Lake Tianchi
The“Monster of Lake Tianchi”__1__ the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province,
northeast China，is back in the news __2__ several recent sightings．The director of a local tourist office，Meng Fanying，said the monster，which seemed to be black
__3__ colour, was ten metres from __4__ (湖边) during the most recent
sighting．“It jumped out of the water __5__ (as, like) a seal—about 200 people on Changbai’s western peak saw it，”he said．Although no one really got a clear look __6__ the mysterious creature，Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse．
In another recent sighting，__7__ (一帮士兵) claim they saw an animal moving
on __8__ (水面)．The soldiers，who were walking along the side of the lake，watched the creature swimming __9__ about two minutes．“It was greenish—black and had a round head __10__ 10一centimetre horns”，one of the soldiers said．A third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting the lake with his family．He claims to __11__ (see) n a round black creature moving quickly through the water．After three __12__ (and, or) four hundred metres it dived into the water．__13__ (十分钟后) the monster
appeared again and repeated the action．Mr. Li Xiaohe said that he and his family
were able to see the monster clearly __14__ (for, when, because) the weather was fine and the lake was calm．
There __15__ (be) reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since __16__ (上世纪初期), although no one has seen one close up．Some photos have been taken __17__ (although, but) they are not clear because it was too far away．Many people think the monster may be a distant cousin of the Loch Ness monster in Scotland．They also think that there might be similar creatures in other lakes __18__ the world．Scientists, however, are sceptical．They say that the low—temperature lake is unlikely to be able to __19__ (扶养) such large __20__ (生物)．
Lake Tianchi is the highest volcanic lake in the world．It is 2，189 metres high and __21__ (占，覆盖) an area of about ten square kilometres．__22__ (一些地方) it is more than 370 metres deep．
答案：1. in 2. after 3. in 4. the edge of the lake 5. like 6. at 7. a group of soldiers
8. the surface of the water 9. for 10. with 11. have see 12. and 13. Ten minutes later 14. because 15. have been 16. the beginning of the last Century 17. but
18. around 19. support 20. living creatures 21. covers 22. In places
Book Five Module 1
British and American English
Words，words, words
British and American English are different __1__ (by, in, with) many ways．The first and most obvious way is __2__ (at, about, with, in) the vocabulary．There are hundreds of different words which are not used on __3__ (other, the other, another) side of the Atlantic， or which are used __4__ (in, with, by) a different meaning．Some
of these words are well known —Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas；the British drive __5__ along motorways and fill up with __6__．As a tourist, you will need to use the underground in London __7__ (and, but, or) the subway in New York， or maybe you will prefer to get around the town __8__ (with, by) taxi(British)or cab(American)．
Chips or French fries?
But other words and expressions are not so well known． Americans use a flashlight, while for the British，it’s a torch；The British queue up；Americans __9__. Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing．Chips, for example， are pieces of hot fried potato in Britain；in the States chips are very thin and are sold in packets．The British call these crisps．The chips the British know and love __10__ (is, to be, are) French fries on the other side of the Atlantic．
Have or have got?
There are a few differences in grammar, too． The British say Have you got…? __11__ (而) Americans prefer Do you have…? An American might say My friend just arrived，but a British person would say My Fiend has just arrived．Prepositions，too， can be different：compare on the team，on the weekend(American)__12__ in the team，at the weekend(British)．The British use prepositions where Americans sometimes omit them(I’ll see you Monday；Write me soon!)．
Colour or color?
The other two areas __13__ (from, in) which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation．American spelling seems simpler：center, color and program instead of centre，colour and program．Many factors have influenced American pronunciation
__14__ (after, before, when, since) the first settlers arrived four hundred years ago. The accent, which is most similar __15__ to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US．When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language，he was obviously thinking about the differences．But are they really so important? After a11, there is probably as much variation of pronunciation __16__ the two countries as between them．A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than __17__ (理解一个纽约人)．
Turn On the TV
Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving __18__ (close, closer)， together．For more than a century communications across the Atlantic __19__ (develop) steadily．Since the 1980s，with satellite TV and the Internet，it has been possible to listen to British and American English __20__ (by, on, at) the flick of a switch． This non—stop communication，the experts think，__21__ (make) it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other．But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English， __22__ (结果) some people now believe that British English will disappear．
However，if you turn on CNN，the American TV network，you find news readers and weather forecasters all speaking __23__ (in, with) different accents--American，British， Australian，and even Spanish．One of the best-known faces，Monita Rajpal，was born in Hong Kong, China， and grew up speaking Chinese and Punjabi，as well as English．
This international dimension suggests that in the future，there are going to be many“Englishes”，…not just two main varieties．But the message is “Don't worry．”Users of English will all be able to understand each other—__24__ (不管他们在那里)．
答案：1. in 2. in 3. the other 4. with 5. cars 6. petrol 7. or 8. by 9. stand in line．
10. are 11. while 12. with 13. in 14. since 15. to 16. within 17. understanding a New Yorker 18. closer 19. have developed 20. at 21. has made 22. so that 23. with
24. no matter where/wherever they are
Book Five Module 2
The Human Traffic Signal
At 3，500 metres，La Paz，in Bolivia，is the highest capital in the world．Life is hard __1__ high altitude，and the mountains make communications difficult．Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent．One road __2__ particular，which __3__ （通向北）from La Paz，is considered the most dangerous road in the world．On one side the mountains rise steeply； on the other side there is a sheer drop，which in places is hundreds of metres __4__ (wide, high, deep)．Although there is not a 1ot of traffic，__5__ (平均起来)，one vehicle comes off the road __6__ (每两周)．The drop is __7__ great that anyone inside the vehicle is lucky to survive．In theory the road can only be used by traffic __8__ (coming, going) uphill from 8 in the morning，and by traffic __9__ (coming, going) downhill from 3 in the afternoon． But __10__ (实际上)，few drivers respect the rules．
But thanks to one man，the death toll __11__ (fall)．Timoteo Apaza is a gentle 46-year-old man who lives in a village near the most dangerous part of the road, known locally __12__ (as, for) la curva del Diablo (the Devil’s Bend)．Timoteo has an unusual job—he is a human traffic signal．Every morning he climbs __13__ (down, over, up) to the bend with a large circular board in his hand．The board is red on one side and green on the other．Timoteo stands on the bend and directs the traffic. When two vehicles approach from __14__ (相对方向) they can’t see each other, but they can see Timoteo．Timoteo is a volunteer．No one asked him to do the job，and no one pays him for it．Sometimes drivers give him a tip，__15__ (目的为) he has just enough money to __16__ (生活)．But often they just pass by，__17__ (认为这个真人交通信号是理所当然的)．
So why does he do it? Before he volunteered to direct the traffic，Timoteo __18__ (have) lots of jobs．He had been a miner and a soldier．Then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter __19__ death．He was driving a lorry load of bananas __20__ (when, as, while) he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain．Somehow he survived．He was in hospital for months．Then，a few years later, he was called out __21__ (at, in) the night to help pull people out of a bus which had crashed at la curva del diablo．This last experience had a profound effect __22__ on Timoteo． He realized that he was lucky to be alive himself, and felt that it was his mission in life to help others．And so every morning，week in, week out，__23__ (从早到晚)，Timoteo __24__ (makes, takes, sets) up his place on the bend and directs the traffic．
答案：1. at 2. in 3. goes north 4. deep 5. on average 6. every two weeks/every other week
7. so 8. going 9. coming 10. in practice 11. has fallen 12. as 13. up 14. opposite directions 15. so that 16. live on 17. taking the human traffic signal for granted
18. had had 19. with 20. when 21. in 22. on 23. from dawn to dusk 24. takes
Book Five Module 3
The Steamboat
There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down．We stayed inside the shelter we __1__ (build) and let the raft sail __2__ (up, along, down, through) the river．Suddenly, __3__ (by, in) the light of the lightning，we saw something __4__ (在和中间)．It looked like a house at first，__5__ (and, but) then we realized it was a steamboat．It __6__ (hit) a rock and was half in and half out of the water．We were sailing straight towards it．
“It looks as if it’ll go under soon，”Jim said，__7__ (in, after) a couple of minutes．
“Let’s go and take a look，”I said．
“I don’t want to board a __8__ (sink) ship，”said Jim，but when I suggested that we might find something useful on the boat，he agreed to go．So we paddled __9__ (up, down, over) and climbed on to the steamboat，__10__ (keep) as quiet as mice． __11__ (使我们惊奇的是)，there was a light in one of the cabins．Then we heard someone shout，“Oh please boys，don't kill me! I won't tell anybody!”
A man's angry voice answered，“You __12__ (在说谎)．You said that last time．We’re going to kill you．”When he heard these words，Jim panicked and ran to the raft．But although I was frightened，I also felt very curious，so I put my head round the door．It was quite dark，but I could see a man __13__ (躺) on the floor, __14__ (用绳子绑着)．There were two men __15__ (stood, standing) __16__ (by, over) him．0ne was short，with a beard．The other was tall and had something in his hand that looked like a gun．
“I __17__ (have enough of you．I'm going to shoot you now,”this man said．He was obviously the one who had threatened the man on the floor．And __18__ (他手里拿的就是一支枪)．
“No，don’t do that，”said the short man．“Let's leave him here．The steamboat will sink in a couple of hours and he’ll go down with it．”
When he heard that，the frightened man on the floor started crying．“He __19__ (listens, sounds) as if he’s going to die __20__ fright!” I thought．“I have to find a way to save him!”
I crawled along the deck，found Jim，and told him what I __21__ (hear)．“We must find their boat and take it away, then they’11 have to stay here，”I said．
Jim looked terrified．“I’m not staying here，”he said．But I persuaded him to help me，and we found the men’s boat __22__ (tie) to the other side of the steamboat．We climbed quietly in and as we paddled away we heard the two men shouting．By then we were a safe distance away．But now I began to feel bad about what we had done．I didn't want all three men to die
答案：1. had built 2. down 3. by 4. in the middle of the river 5. but 6. had hit 7. after
8. sinking 9. over 10. keeping 11. To our astonishment/surprise 12. are lying
13. lying 14. tied up with rope 15. tied up with rope 16. over 17. have had
18. it was a gun he had in his hand 19. sounds 20. of 21`. had heard 22. tied
Book Five Module 4
The magic of the mash
Think of carnival，and you think of crowds，costumes，and confusion．The sounds and sights change from one country to another __1__ (and, but) the excitement is the same everywhere．
“Carnival”comes from two Latin words and __2__ (mean) “no more meat”．In Europe，where it began，carnival was followed by forty days __3__ (没有肉)，__4__ people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter．People saw Carnival __5__ a last chance to have fun __6__ the end of the winter season．Having fun meant eating，
drinking，and dressing up．
The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice．At the beginning，it lasted for just one day．People ate，drank，and wore masks．__7__ (随着时间的推移)， however，the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas．__8__ (连续数周) people walked round the streets __9__ (戴着面具)，doing what they wanted __10__ being recognized． Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important，__11__ (when, as, while) famous people could have romantic adventures __12__ (秘密地)．Many crimes __13__ (逃脱惩罚)．
The government realised that wearing masks __14__ (become) a problem．Their use __15__ (受法律限制)，the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century．Men were not allowed to wear masks at night；and they were not allowed to dress up __16__ (like, as) women．In later times more laws were passed．People who wore masks could not carry firearms；and no one could enter a church wearing a mask．__17__ (Once, When) they broke the laws，they were put into prison for up to two years．Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire，__18__ the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory．
But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students．They began making masks and organizing parties，and threw bits of brightly colored paper(called coriandoli)__19__ tourists．The town council __20__ (knew, recognized, realised) that carnival was good for business，and the festival was developed for tourists．
Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated __21__ five days in February．People arrive from all over Europe to enjoy the fun．Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes．German，French and English seem to be the main languages．But the spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same __22__ the great
American carnivals．If the key to Rio is music and movement，then in Venice it is the mystery of the mask．__23__ (When, As) you wander through the streets，you see thousands of masks—elegant or frightening，sad or amusing，traditional or modern—but you have no idea __24__ (how, what) the faces behind them look．Nobody takes them off．If the masks come off，the magic is lost．
答案：1. but 2. means 3. without meat 4. as 5. as 6. at 7. As time passed 8. For weeks on end 9. wearing masks 10. without 11. while 12. in secret 13. went unpunished
14. had become 15. was limited by laws 16. as 17. Once 18. at 19. at 20. realised
21. for 22. as 23. As 24. how
Book Five Module 5
A Life in Sport
They called him the prince of gymnasts．When he retired at the age of 26，he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions __1__ (through, across) the world．They included six __2__ (in, from)seven gold medals at the 1982 World Championship，and three at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles(as well as two silver and a bronze)．Li Ning was the best．When sports journalists met in 1999 to __3__ (排列……的名单) the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the twentieth century, Li Ning's name was on it，together __4__ footballer Pele and boxer Muhammad Ali．But even though he had won everything __5__ (which, that, it) was possible to win in his sport，Li Ning retired __6__ (for, in, with) the feeling __7__ (which, that, what) he had failed．He was disappointed __8__ (that, when, because) he had not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics．
But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life．A year after his retirement，Li Ning began a new career—__9__ a businessman．But he didn’t forget his sporting background．He decided to launch a new brand of sportswear，__10__ (与……竞争) global giants like Nike and Adidas．He made the unusual choice，for a Chinese person，__11__ choosing his own name as the brand mark．The bright red logo is made up of the first two pinyin letters of Li Ning's name，L and N．
Li Ning's sports clothes came onto the market __12__ (in, on, at) just the right time．The number of young people with money to spend was __13__ the increase—and sport __14__ (never be) so popular．Li Ning's designs were attractive，and they had a major advantage over their better—known rivals—they were cheaper．A pair of Nike trainers，for example，could cost up to five times as much as a similar Li Ning product．Success __15__ Li Ning was guaranteed，and it came quickly．
In just a few years．Li Ning won more than fifty per cent of the national market．Today a Li Ning product is purchased __16__ (每十秒钟)．But the clothes are not only worn on the athletics track or the football pitch．If you go into a school or university anywhere，the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits __17__ the familiar logo．The company has also grown internationally．The Spanish and French gymnastics teams wear Li Ning clothes，while Italian designers are employed by the company to __18__ (make, find, create) new styles．Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2008 Olympics，they will __19__ (穿着) Li Ning tracksuits．
But Li Ning’s goal when he retired was not to make money. His dream was to __20__ (办一所学校) for gymnasts．He was able to do this in 1991．Since then，he has continued to help young people to achieve their sporting ambitions．Like Pele and Muhammad Ali before him，who have worked __21__ (for, with) the United Nations for children's rights and peace，Li Ning __22__ (discover) that the work of a great sportsman does not finish when he retires from the sport．It starts．And if you are a great sportsperson，anything is possible，as Li Ning's advertising slogan says．
答案：1. across 2. from 3. make a list of 4. with 5. it 6. with 7. that 8. because
9. as 10. competing with 11. of 12. at 13. on 14. had never been 15. for 16.
every ten seconds 17. with 18. create 19. be wearing 20. open a school 21. with
22. has discovered
Book Five Module 6
Saving the Antelopes
__1__ a freezing cold day in January 1994，Jiesang Suonandai ie found what he was looking for --a group of poachers who __2__ (kill) the endangered Tibetan antelope．Jiesang knew he had to move quickly．He shouted __3__ the poachers to put down their guns．Although __4__ (surprise)，the poachers had an advantage—there were more of them．In the battle __5__ (随后的) Jiesang was shot and killed．When his __6__ (freeze) body was found hours later，he was still holding his gun． He __7__ (为拯救……而献出他的生命) the Tibetan antelope．
__8__ (在二十世纪初期) there were millions of antelopes on the Qinghai—Tibetan Plateau．By the 1990s the number __9__ (fall) to about 50．000．The reason is simple：the wool of the Tibetan antelope is the most expensive in the world．It is soft，light，and warm—the ideal coat for an animal which has to survive at high altitudes．A shawl __10__ (由……制成) the woo1 (known as“shahtoosh”，or“king of wools”in Persian)can sell __11__ five thousand dollars．For poachers the profits can be huge．
Often __12__ (行动) at night，the poachers shoot whole __13__ (群) antelopes at a time，__14__ (只留下) the babies，whose wool is not worth so much．The animals are skinned __15__ (当场) and the wool taken to India，where it __16__ (制成) the shawls．From there，it is exported to rich countries in North America and Europe．The business is completely illegal—__17__ (有) a ban on the trade since 1975．But in the 1990s the shawls came into fashion among rich people．A police raid on a shop in London found 138 shawls．About 1．000 antelopes—or 2 per cent of the world's population—__18__ (kill) to make them．
In the 1990s the Chinese government began to __19__ (积极参与) protecting the
antelopes in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve—the huge national park on the Qinghai—Tibetan Plateau，which is the main habitat of the antelopes，Over the next ten years about 3，000 poachers were caught and 300 vehicles confiscated．Sometimes there were gunfights，like the one __20__ in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killed，
But today the government seems to __21__ (win) the battle．The number of poachers has fallen． The small group of officials who work in the reserve are helped by volunteers who come from all over the country, and who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5．000 meters．Meanwhile，in those countries where the shawls are sold，police __22__ (get) tough with the dealers．International co—operation seems to be working．__23__ (From, In, For, Since) 1997 the antelope population has slowly begun to grow again．
答案：1. On 2. were killing 3. to 4. surprised 5. which followed 6. frozen 7. had given his life to save 8. At the beginning of the twentieth century 9. had fallen 10.
made from 11. for 12. working 13. herds of 14. leaving only 15. on the spot 16.
is made into 17. there has been 18. had been killed 19. take an active part in
20. in 21. be winning 22. are getting 23. Since
Book Six Module 1
用课文中的词填空
1.Light conversation that people make at social__________( 场合 )about unimportant things.
2.Have you ever __________(穿过 )the road to avoid talking to someone you recognize?
3.Would you love to go to a party and talk_____________(自信地 )to every guest?
4.Do you want to make more friends but_________(缺乏 )the confidence to talk to people you don’t know?
5.Are you nervous about the idea of _________(在 )at a social event in another country?
6.You needn’t worry about________(处境 )like these if you have good social skills.
7.People __________（有)good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation.
8.Small talk is very important and _________ ( 准备)you for more serious conversations.
9.Think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to __________(陌生人 ).
10.Show that you are listening by using________(鼓励 )noises and gestures.
答案：1.occasions 2.crossed 3.confidently 4.lack. 5.being. 6.situations. 7.with 8.prepares 9.strangers.10encouraging.
Book Six Module 2
1. Then he turned _____,and went ______the road ,________the bushes just _________the trees.(介词 副词填空 )
2.There is nothing to _________(fix on / be fixed on)
3.Tt was completely invisible __________________(从后面).
4.He could _______(possibly / probably)have said why.
5. A good idea __________________her .(她想起一个好主意).
6.He might have__________ (放)his head on the grass .
7.He was ____________(顽强的)and ___________(克服)all the difficulties.
8______________________(据估计)that Rowling had _________(积累 )more than one billion dollars.
9.The cat came up to rub her head ________(介词)his knuckles.
10.They appeal to readers _______________(各个年龄)。
11.But all the time .Will feel such ________________(回家的渴望)that tears scalds his eyes.
12.He crossed the road ,__________________(注视着)spot where the cat had been investigating .
13. He knew it as __________(strongly/strong)as he knew that fire burned .
14.She has _________________ (获得地位)of being the first writer to become a billionaire.
15.It wad was so neatly ____________________(缠在胳膊上)that held the umbrella so as to keep it from trailing in the snow.
答案：1.away across towards beyond 2.fix on 3.from behind 4.possibly 5.came to /occur to /strike 6.laid 7.stubborn overcame 8.It has been estimated accumulated 9.against 10.of all ages 11.a longing to turn for home 12.keeping his eyes on 13.strongly 14.attained the status 15.caught up over the arm
Book Six Module 3
I remember the first time I met Roy he was standing in the centre of a group of boys，and he __1___ (说)a joke．When he reached the final line，everyone burst out —__2__(笑)．Roy laughed too，a loud happy laugh．”popular boy,” I thought to
myself．My name is Daniel．I was the new boy in the class．Our family was from the north of England，but my father had been offered a better job in London，and our whole family had moved there．I was twelve and, __3__ (lose) all my old friends，I felt shy and lonely at my new school.
There were 33 students in my new class，and most people weren't very interested in a shy new boy．Roy was one of the few people who were kind to me．He often invited me to join his particular group，and __4__ (结果)，I started getting to know
people．Roy and I became good friends．We trusted each other and we could talk about personal matters，things that were important to us．
Five years later, Roy and I are still in the same class．But just __5__ a year ago，Roy's father was knocked over by a car．He died a few days later．
The family had to move to a much smaller house in order to manage financially．Roy, who had always been very close to his father, changed completely, __6__ (become) silent and moody．He had always been a clever, hard-working student but now he seemed
to lose all interest in his work．He started losing friends. These days，Roy and I see each other from time to time，but we're no longer close．
About three months ago，a group of us were playing football together after schoo1．__7__ (丢) something in the cloakroom，I went inside to get it，and
found Roy __8__ (go) through the pockets of people's coats. In his hand he had a wallet—and I knew it wasn't his! My mouth fell open and I just looked at him．Roy went bright red．“I'll put it back right now,”he said, and he did so．I turned round and walked out without saying a word．
I really hoped that Roy would explain why he had been stealing，but instead he started avoiding me．At the same time，small amounts of money started disappearing from students’lockers．I wondered if the thief was Roy but decided not to say anything to anyone．I hoped it wasn’t him．
Last week our school had a big fair in order to __9__ (募捐)money for a charity．It was very successful and by the end of the day, we __10__ (make) about ￡500．Our class teacher，Mr. White，came and chatted to a group of us that included Roy, and held up a box for us to see．“There's￡500 in here.”he said with a smile．But __11__ (使我们惊奇的是), the next morning，we were told that the money had been stolen．Mr. Write had left the box in a classroom for a few minutes，and when he came back it had disappeared．The head teacher asked anyone who thought they might know something about the theft to come to him．This weekend，__12__ (考虑) about the situation for a while，I decided to ask Roy about the theft，and this morning I went to see him．Roy was out, and I went upstairs to his bedroom to wait for him．It was a cold day and his jacket __13__ (放在) on the back of a chair．I put it __14__ and put my hands in the pockets．I could feel a lot of paper notes and I pulled them out．
It looked as if there was about￡500 there．I was so surprised that I just stood there，__15__ (拿着) the notes in my hands．At that moment，the door swung open，and Roy walked in．
答案：1.was telling 2. laughing 3. having lost 4. as a result 5.under 6. becoming
7. Having left 8. going 9. raise 10. had made 11. to our surprise 12.having thought
13. was lying 14. on 15. holding
Book Six Module 4
1.She _________(弹琵琶)since the age of six.
2.______________(与…情况相同)all other cases .
3.Classical Chinese music _____________(关系很密切)to Chinese poetry.
4.Street music ________ _(赋予….生命)every one who listens and offers__________(解除)the cares of the day.
5.It needed an all white cast at a time _______Afro—American actors were _________（allowed to perform/banned from performing） ,and Gershwin didn’t want it ___________(do) in “blackface”, that is, with white actors ________(make up )like blacks.
6.The ________(行人，步行者)are standing _________ _ (成一个圆)
7.All contributions are _______________(自愿的),no one has to pay ,but the crowd shrinks as people _______________(悄悄地溜走)
8.A music man takes a place ______________(空出来的)by an earlier musicians.
9.On the pavement ,few _____________(过路人)stop. Some smile ,others walk past___________头低着).
10.Half the kids ______ (乘公共汽车)to school
11.____________(简直没有什么人)goes to live concerts.
12.If you say Oh come on ！in a conversation, it probably means (A. you agree with some one/ B. you don’t agree with some one )
13.One dozen beautiful young women，___________(全部二十多岁),take the stage .
14.In 2004 the group ___________(成功 成名)on the US music scene _______No 62 of the Billboard 200 album chart .
15.________________(利用凭借)more than 1500 years of Chinese music ,Twelve Girls Band mixes this rich tradition with classical sounds
16.The group’s appeal is equally as broad ,with children adults and grandparents __________(占满 坐满)arenas to see it perform.
答案：1.has played the pipa 2. The same is true of /for 3. is closely connected to
4. gives life to , relief from 5. when , banned from , done , made up , pedestrians ,
in a semi-circle 6.pedestrians ,in a semi—circle 7.voluntary ,slide away
8.made vacant 9.passers by with their heads down 10.take the bus
11.Hardly anyone 12.B 13.all in their twenties 14.arrived,at 15.drawing upon
16.filling
Book Six Module 5
Cloning and DNA
Many people think that the science of genetics and cloning ___1___ (be) recent. It’s certainly true that in 1953, Watson and Crick, two scientists at Cambridge University, England, discovered the structure of the acid DNA- a transparent twisting ladder ___2___ (make) of the fundamental components of life. But in fact, it was in 1866 that Mendel first recorded the results of growing pea plants. He understood that both the parent plants __3__ (influence) the genetic __4__ (由…构成) the new plant.
In 1973, biochemists Cohen and Boyer discovered a procedure to use enzymes—
chemicals formed in the body—to unzip the DNA, to cut out a sequence of genes，and finally to insert them into the host cell and combine __5__ its DNA．
Cloning takes the DNA from a single cell to create a whole new individual．A clone is an organism which is genetically identical __6__ another one． But it’s now certain that no clone is an exact copy because of differences in experiences and upbringing．
There are at least two teams of scientists which are trying to clone humans．__7__
controversial，there are many valid reasons to do so．An Italian doctor wants to offer cloning __8__ an optional treatment for couples who find __9__ difficult to have children．But anyone who was a clone of one of their parents would be __10__ unknown psychological pressure throughout their childhood．
Another reason is to reproduce the talents of exceptional human beings．But an Einstein
clone might choose a path in life which is contradictory to the one the original Einstein chose, He may even possess new vices __11__ existing virtues!
A further reason is to obtain a supply of stem cells．Stem cells in embryos are very flexible and can develop into every other type of cell in the body．For example，it could help some one __12__ (recover) from a disease，repair human tissue，__13__ help them walk again after an accident．These stem cells would need to come from an embryo taken from the clone of someone．But the embryo would then be wasted，which many people find unacceptable．What is clear __14__ that some voluntary code of practice among-scientists has to be agreed．If not，compulsory government regulations will have to control __15__ (clone)．
A fourth reason for cloning is that some scientists and farmers think it would be handy to clone, for example，a prize cow which can resist bacteria or disease，or to sow a __16__ (clone) crop which can resist rot or pests．But to rely on a few cloned animals or crops would restrict the biodiversity of the breed．
Finally, the latest research __17__ DNA has helped solve crimes __18__ analyzing the suspect's saliva which they spit at a crime scene or the dirt under their fingernails．
答案：1. is 2. made 3. had influenced 4. make-up of 5. with 6. to 7. Although 8. as
9. it 10. under 11. instead of 12. recover 13. or 14. is 15. cloning 16. cloned
17. into 18. by
Book Six Module 6
Winston Churchill's Speeches
Winston Churchill is well—known __1__ a statesman，politician and as the British Prime Minister during most of the Second World War. He is especially famous for his speeches which many believe
__2__ (make) people even more determined to defeat the enemy．Many of these speeches contained lines which are remembered __3__ today．
Churchill made one of his greatest speeches in 1940, when he was invited to become Prime Minister of Britain，and the leader of a new government．The country had been __4__ war for over eight months，and he knew that it would suffer many great defeats before it would begin to win the war．So on 13 May 1940 he promised the House of Commons: “I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined the government, ' I have nothing to offer __5__ blood, toil, tears and sweat.’”
A month later, the Germany army had advanced across northern Europe, and the British Army
had retreated to the coast of the English Channel. The only escape was to cross the sea back to England. Hundreds of small boats set out __6__ ports on the English coast to bring back the soldiers __7__ the beaches of Dunkirk in France. But Churchill encouraged people that this was only a temporary defeat in a speech which included the words, “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the __8__ (land) grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets， we shall fight in the hills；we shall never surrender．”
On 18 June 1940，Churchill gave another fine speech when he drew attention to the courage
of everyone __9__ (defend) Britain．“In years to come，”he said，“… men will say, 'This was their finest hour.’”
The --10 – (German) continued their attacks __11__ Britain from the air．A small number of pilots resisted the much __12__ (large) German Air Force, Germany lost many planes, and was forced to change their strategy. Britain was no longer threatened by an early invasion, and on 20 August 1940, he said, “ Never in the field of human conflict was so --13 -- owed by so many __14__ so few.”
In two years, Germany began to lose some important battles. After a defeat in North Africa, on 10 November 1942 he made a speech __15__ the famous words, “Now this is not the end. __16__ it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning.”
Many people believe that Churchill’s leadership inspired people to remain brave in the face of Nazi Germany. His speeches are still remembered and quoted today, and remain some of the finest examples of spoken English.
答案：1. as 2. made 3. even 4. at 5. but 6. from 7. from 8. landing 9. defending 10. Germans
11. on 12. larger 13. much 14. to 15. with 16. But
Book Seven Module 1
Michael Jordan
-Head and Shoulders Above the Rest!
During the 1990s，Michael Jordan was probably the best—known athlete in the world．He was __1__ (得分王) in the NBA，and played __2__ the Chicago Bulls from 1984 to 1993．He was named their most valued player five times．__3__ (穿着他著名的23号衬衫)，Michael Jordan became the most successful basketball player __4__ (在这项运动的历史上)． Jordan was born in New York and grew up in North Carolina．He attended the University of North Carolina for a year before __5__ (去加入) the Chicago Bulls．He finished his first season(1984--1985)as one of the top scorers in the league, __6__ an average of 28．2 points per game．
In 1987，Jordan became only the second player to score more than 3，000 points in a season．He was the top scorer in the NBA for seven consecutive seasons(1987--1993)．During this time，__7__ (平均分数) he scored was more than 30 points per game．With him，the Bulls won their first NBA championship in 1991．During this successful period they won the title again in 1992 and 1993．Jordan was also in the United States Olympic Basketball Team，known __8__ “the Dream Team”，which won the gold medal __9__ the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona，Spain．
Jordan surprised everyone when he retired before the 1993--1994 season，but he rejoined the Chicago Bulls and won __10__ (另外3个) championships with them from 1996 to 1998．He played again for the Washington Wizards before finally retiring from sport in 2003 at the age of 40．__11__ (数以万计的粉丝们) admire his athletic ability, motivation and confidence．They have fantastic stories to tell about Michael Jordan，such as the time when he rescued the Bulls __12__ ending a game on a tie．He stepped to the line and made two free throws．Each time he threw the ball straight __13__ (to, into, through) the basket—and each time he __14__ (使眼睛闭着).
__15__ (Off, Out of) the basketball court，Michael Jordan opened his own steak restaurant because he loves steak so much．He also found success __16__ an actor in the film Space Jam alongside the famous cartoon character Bugs Bunny!
There is only one word to describe the best player in the world—awesome!
Wilt the Stilt—the Tower of Power!
Michael Jordan was the second player to score more than 3，000 points in a season
__17__ the first was Wilt Chamberlain．Chamberlain was born in Philadelphia on __18__ (1936年8月21日)．He was one of the 11 children，the only one who was very tall．His
father William worked in a shipyard and his mother Olivia was a cleaner．As a child，
Chamberlain had various __19__ (health, healthy) problems．He had pneumonia and almost died when he was ten．Chamberlain is the only NBA player who averaged over 50 points per game for an entire season．At one point，Chamberlain was so much better __20__ (比其他所有选手) that they changed the rules of the game to try to stop him!
The giant player joined the NBA’s Philadelphia Warriors in the 1959—1960 season and was an immediate success．During 14 seasons with four different teams，Chamberlain was named the most __21__ (valuing, valued) player in the league four times．On 2nd March 1962，he scored 100 points in a single game—no one __22__ (ever do) that since! The final score was Warriors 169 __23__ (and, but, 不填, while)New York Knicks 147!
He ended his career after five amazing seasons __24__ the Los Angeles Lakers．By the time he retired, Wilt __25__ (set up, held, broke) many NBA records：he scored __26__ (50及其以上分数) 118 times and 60 or more points 32 times．
Was Wilt Chamberlain better than Michael Jordan? Who knows? But __27__ (毫无疑问) that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”．
答案：1. the top scorer 2. for 3. Wearing his famous number 23 shirt 4. in the history of the game 5. leaving to join 6. with 7. the average number of points 8. as
9. at 10. three more 11. Millions of fans 12. from 13. through 14. had his eyes closed.
15. Off 16. as 17 but 18. 21st August 1936 19. health 20. than all the other players
21. valued 22. has ever done 23. 不填24. with 25. held 26. 50 or more points
27. there is no doubt
Book Seven Module 2
__1__ (我几乎不能相信)，but my school life is almost over．Prom night has come and gone，and I've __2__ (received, accepted) my high school diploma at last．It's a good thing __3__ (when, after, that) the exams are finished．I feel __4__ (太兴奋了以至于思维不清)! It seems strange to think that in a few days’time I'll be walking out of the school gates forever．The first thing I'm going to do is to __5__ (get, hold, have)a long vacation!
Meanwhile，I find myself __6__ (回顾）my senior year, and thinking about all the
wonderful things that have happened．I __7__ (decide) to write them down so that one day, years from now, when I reread them the memories will come back．
There's so much to remember．One of the best things about this year has been
working__8__(working在这里是A.表语 B.谓语) as an arts editor for this newspaper．I've so enjoyed it! I love writing，and working __9__ (on, for) this paper is my first step towards becoming a journalist，so this has been a real success for me．
Something else I __10__ (greatly enjoy) is working as a peer mediator, someone who
helps students to settle problems that they have __11__ other students．At the start of the school year, we were given training __12__ how to do this，and it's clear that this kind of work can really help people．I think I'll continue to work as a mediator when I go to college．
During the Easter vacation，I went __13__ (to, for, on) a short school skiing trip to the Rocky Mountains．I've been skiing quite a few times，but never with the schoo1, and since two good friends __14__ (went, came) on the trip，we had great fun __15__ (to race, racing) each other down the ski slopes．It's well—known that Americans are competitive，and I did enjoy it whenever I won our races!
Other things I'm pleased about—getting good grades __16__ my final exams，and receiving __17__ (英语文学高等奖)．I was given a car by my parents so I've been able to drive to school，which is brilliant．And of course， I’ll never forget __18__ (被选进) the student council．I really enjoyed meeting the teachers and __19__ (told, telling) them how we，the students，feel about things，and what we think should happen in the school!
All these things have been wonderful. But I have to say, the highlight of the year was the senior prom．For an American girl，it's so important that __20__ (she has, you have) a good time at the prom．Well，I did! Daniel，a boy in my English class，asked me to go to the prom with him，and I was so pleased—I __21__ (hope) he would ask me．I found a dress that suited me perfectly, and __22__ (专门找人整理了头发) on the day of the prom．It took two hours but __23__ (值得)，as everyone told me I looked very elegant! A group of us rented a nice car to take us to the prom．The food was delicious and I ate so much that I had to stop dancing for a while! We __24__ (共用) a table with some good friends, and laughed and told jokes all evening．It's a great pity that it's probably the last time this will happen．
Daniel and I danced most of the dances together．But the big surprise of the evening
was __25__ (that, because, when) I was elected prom queen! This was so unexpected, and I can’t tell you how good this made me feel! After the prom，a group of us drove down to the coast，and sat on the beach in our long dresses and dinner jackets．I shall never forget __26__ (看海上的日出)—it was unforgettable! Afterwards，we went and had an enormous breakfast in a nearby hotel—it was a perfect ending __27__(of, to, with, for) a perfect school year．
答案：1. I can hardly believe it 2. received 3. that 4. too excited to think clearly
5. have 6. looking back at 7. have decided 8. A.表语 9. on 10. have greatly enjoyed
11. with 12. in 13. on 14. came 15. racing 16. on 17. the senior prize for English Literature 18. being elected to 19. telling 20. you have 21. had been hoping 22.
had my hair specially done 23. it was worth it 24. shared 25. when 26. watching the sunrise over the sea 27. to
Book Seven Module 3
Oliver Asks for More
The room in which the boys were fed was a large stone hall，with a large pot __1__ one end．The warden，helped by two women，served the soup from this pot __2__ (on, at, in, by) meal times．Each boy was allowed one bowl of soup and no more，__3__ (besides, except) on special holidays when he was given another 60 grams of bread．The bowls never __4__ (需要刷)，as the boys cleaned them with their spoons，trying to eat every bit of soup．This never __5__ (需要) very long，as the spoons were almost as large as the bowls．When they __6__ (clean) their bowls in this way, they would sit __7__ (盯着) the pot with eager eyes，as if they wanted to eat it．Boys usually have excellent appetites．Oliver Twist and his companions s1owly starved for three months until finally, they became quite wild __8__ hunger．
There was one boy who was tall __9__ (as, with, for) his age，and __10__ (不习惯挨饿) all the time，as his father had kept a small cook shop．This boy told his friends that he had to have another bowl of soup each day．If he did not，he was afraid that one night he might eat the small young boy who slept next to him．The tall boy had a wild，hungry 1ook __11__ his eye and everyone believed him．The boys had a meeting．They decided that one of them should walk up to the warden after supper that evening and ask for more food．They wrote their names on pieces of paper and picked one out．__12__ (He, That, It) was 0liver Twist who was chosen.
The evening arrived and the boys went to their places．The warden stood by the pot __13__ his assistants in a line behind him．The soup was served and disappeared __14__ (through, down, in ) the boy’s throats． The boys whispered to each other，and those next to 0liver nudged him．Oliver，who was desperate __15__ hunger and misery, rose from the table and walked towards the master with his bowl and spoon in his hand．Frightened by his own courage，he said，“Please sir，I want some more．”
The warden was a fat，healthy man，but his face became very pale．He stared __16__ (with, at, in) complete astonishment at the child and __17__ (为得以支撑手把着锅)．Not until at least thirty seconds had passed，__18__ (这个人才能讲话)．“What?” he said finally, in a weak voice．
“Please，sir，”replied Oliver,“I want some more．” No sooner had the boy
spoken these words than the warden __19__ (打在他头上) with the soup spoon．Then
he seized 0liver's arms and held him，while he shouted for Mr. Bumble．
The managers of the workhouse were having a meeting when Mr. Bumble rushed into the room __20__ great excitement．Speaking to the leader of the meeting，he said，“Mr. Limbkins，I am sorry sir! Oliver Twist __21__ (ask) for more!” The faces of everyone in the room showed complete astonishment．“For more!”said Mr. Limbkins． “Think carefully, Mr. Bumble，and answer me clearly． Do I understand that he asked for more after he had eaten his bowl of soup?”
“He did，sir,”replied Bumble．
“__22__ (我从来没有听到过) anything like it!” said Mr. Limbkins．
“They'll hang that boy,” said a gentleman __23__ (with, in) a white jacket．“I know that they'll hang him．”
Nobody disagreed with the gentleman’s opinion．A lively discussion took place．Oliver was immediately locked in a room．The next morning a notice was
put up on the door of the workhouse，__24__ (提供奖赏给) anybody who would employ Oliver Twist．
“I never was more sure of anything in my life，”said a gentleman，as he knocked __25__ (on, at, to) the door and read the notice the next morning． “I never was more sure of anything in my life—that boy will be hanged．”
答案：1. at 2. at 3. except 4. needed washing 5. took 6. had cleaned 7. staring at 8.
with 9. for 10. was not used to being hungry 11. in 12. It 13. with 14. down 15. with 16. in 17. held on to the pot for support 18. was the man able to speak
19. hit him on the head 20. in 21. has asked /asked 22. Never have I heard/I have never heard 23. in 24. offering a reward to 25. at
Book Seven Module 4
All You Need to Know About Hip Hop
Part 1
What is hip hop and how did it start?
Hip hop is an American __1__ (culture, cultural) movement which started in the 1970s __2__ block parties in New York, especially in a district called the Bronx．There are four main aspects of hip hop：breakdance and graffiti art plus two types of hip hop music—DJ-ing and rapping．Rapping is also known as MC—ing(__3__ (源自) the term master of ceremonies)．The DJs at block parties in the 1970s __4__ (播放了许多灵乐 ) and they noticed that people preferred the percussion breaks in the songs because they were the best parts to dance __5__ ．So they started repeating the percussion breaks．This is a technique used by DJs in Jamaica．There were a lot of Jamaicans in New York who brought the idea __6__ (in, around, with) them．At first，they played a lot of reggae．
Part 2
What was the big breakthrough?
DJ Herc，one of the most popular Jamaican DJs at the time，noticed that New York
audiences didn’t really like reggae music，so he started playing other kinds of music，including rock and disco music．The percussion breaks were usually short，but Here and other DJs made them __7__ (long, longer) by using two records on two turntables，side by side．Some of the DJs began speaking and shouting while the music __8__ (playing, played)．Shouting DJs became known as MCs．And so the style of music known as rap __9__ (诞生了)．
__10__ (In，At) the beginning，MCs often performed for hours，repeating words and phrases and then improvising．Later，they experimented __11__ different vocal and rhythmic approaches，using rhyming words，often words from African-American culture．At the same time，people started breakdancing at block parties．
MC Dark Star remembers the first time he heard a rap singer．“__12__ (我一听到它的那一刻)，”he said，“I knew it was a completely new kind of music．”
Part 3
Why was hip hop so successful?
There are two main reasons．Firstly, it's cheap and easy—you just need two turntables and a microphone．Anyone can be an MC，__13__ (利用) songs which have already been recorded．
Secondly, people __14__ (厌烦了) the pop music of the day—disco music and rock music were both in decline in the mid一1970s．However, disco music had a strong beat，and it was easy to dance to．Hip hop __15__ (利用了这一点) and provided a kind of disco music __16__ people who hated disco!
Part 4
How did rap singers record their songs?
__17__ (第一次) rap artists recorded their music，musicians recorded the backing tracks (the music without the singing)in the studio and the rappers added their vocals later．The next generation of rappers recorded their vocals at the same time
__18__ the musicians．New York was the capital of hip hop during the 1980s，and the style was known as East Coast rap．The style soon __19__ (传到) other parts of the United States．There were a lot of West Coast rappers __20__ (to base, basing, based) in California．In Miami，Florida，a new style developed，strongly influenced by Cuban and Puerto Rican music．In __21__ (二十世纪后期)，hip hop __22__ (传遍) the world，to Japan，India and many parts of Europe, especially France，Belgium and Italy．In England，a new music form __23__ (started, developed, emerged)，called trip hop, a mixture of jazz，hip hop and electronic music (for example，music played __24__ (by, with, on) computers)．
答案：1. cultural 2. at 3. coming from 4. played a lot of soul music 5. to 6. with
7. longer 8. played 9. was born 10. At 11. with 12. The moment I heard it 13.
using 14. were bored with 15. took advantage of that 16. for 17. The first time that
18. as 19. spread to 20. based 21. the late 1980s 22. spread across 23. started/ developed,/emerged 24. on
Book Seven Module 5
Simon wakefield’s Yunnan Diary
Simon Wakefield travelled round Yunnan after leaving university．Below __1__ (is, are) extracts from the diary that he __2__ (kept, wrote)．
April 20th
l
I've been in Yunnan for two months now and I'm still astonished __3__ (at, by, with) how varied the landscape is．Down in the south，in Xishuangbanna，it's very tropical，__4__ (and, but) here I am in Lijiang，in __5__ (云南西北部)．Lijiang is a __6__ (半新半旧) town．The old town is on the side of a mountain and __7__ (它的对面) is the 5．500-metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain，its peak covered __8__ (by, with) snow．The sky is clear blue and I don’t think I've __9__ (never, ever) seen anything else so beautiful in my life．
2
Early this morning I walked __10__ (down, up, over) to a beautiful park on the slopes of the mountain，and sat and watched as the town slowly woke up __11__ (on, with, to) the day．__12__ (从上面看)，the old town is a maze of canals，little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in．Three rivers run through the city and wherever you go，you hear the sound of __13__ (moving, running, rushing) water．Cars are not allowed in the old town．As you walk past the ancient __14__ (wood, wooden) and stone houses，you feel you are walking back into the past．
April 23rd
3
This region is where the Naxi ethnic group live and I've spent several afternoons sitting in a café in the old town square，just __15__ (to watch, watching) people．Their culture is fascinating．For example，__16__ (是女人) who run Naxi society, and until recently, Naxi women inherited all property．They sit in small circles __17__ (on, in) the square，with their babies on their backs，completely uninterested in the tourists! They have the custom of __18__ (玩牌) on card tables in the middle of the street．The Naxi still wear traditional costume—the women wear blue blouses and trousers covered by a blue
4
__19__ (That, This) afternoon I was lucky enough to meet a Naxi man from the old town．He was between 80 and 90 years old，but was __20__ (精力充沛). He spoke some English and showed me some translations of Naxi poems．It was fascinating to read them! The Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still __21__use and is over l，000 years old．The Naxi believe that they came from a creature called Tabu，who helped them hatch __22__ magic eggs．This story is shown __23__(以图画的形式) in books put together in the 10th century and there are still a few copies of these ancient books in Lijiang．
April 25th
5
Lijiang is a city of painters and writers，but Naxi culture is particularly famous for its music．__24__ (从父亲传到儿子)，the music has not changed for eight centuries，and among the richer Naxi people，knowledge of this music showed that you were a real gentleman．I’ve just returned from a performance of the Naxi Orchestra．It __25__ (was showed, took place) in an old wooden hall，and was played by Naxi men，some of whom looked as if they were __26__ (far, quite, well) over 100 years old! They played ancient songs，songs with names such as The Water Dragon Is Singing，Wind from the River and The Sheep on the Hill．Sometimes the instruments __27__ (listened, heard, sounded) like women crying，or trees bending under snow．In the audience there were both tourists and local people．Everyone listened as if someone __28__ (put) a spell on them．
April 29th
6
I __29__ (只剩下一天了) before traveling to Kunming and then flying back home．My stay here __30__ (一直是) unforgettable and I really don’t want to leave．I've 1earnt so much about the Naxi culture，and I now understand that although people may seem very different __31__ you，we all laugh，cry, and need love and friendship．However different we may appear to be at first，we are all the same，__32__ (都是相等的)．
答案：1.are 2. kept 3. by/with 4. but 5. north—west (of)Yunnan 6. half new and half old 7. opposite it 8. with 9. ever 10. up 11. to 12. Seen from above 13. moving/ running/ rushing 14. wooden 15. watching 16. it is the women 17. in 18. playing cards 19.
This 20. full of energy 21. in 22. from 23. in pictures 24. Passed from father to son 25. took place 26. well 27. sounded 28. had put 29. have only one day left
30. has been 31. from 32. all equal
Book Seven Module 6
The World’s Cultural Heritage
Part 1
The Amazing Caves of Zhoukoudian
Zhoukoudian is a small village about 50 kilometres south—west of Beijing．In the 1920s，archaeologists discovered some prehistoric human bones there which changed __1__ (Chinese, China's) knowledge of its history．They came from an unknown species of man and were the first evidence of primitive human life in China thousands of years ago．The remains were…three teeth!
In 1929，a complete skull was also discovered． Eventually, archaeologists found almost 200 items，including six skulls and more than 150 teeth．These discoveries proved the existence of a human species who 1ived in the area between 700，000
and 200，000 years ago．
Four __2__ (sites, areas, regions) where Beijing Man and his relations lived were discovered __3__ (在北坡) of Dragon Bone Hill(Longgushan)．They lived in the 1imestone caves in the area．
However，__4__ (寿数) of Beijing Man was short．About 70％of the people probably died before the age of 14．Fewer than 5％1ived __5__ the age of 50．Even so，they were quite sophisticated．Ashes were found alongside the fossils which showed they
used fire for cooking food and also for light，warmth and protection __6__ wild beasts．This is the earliest evidence of the use of fire anywhere in the world．They also made tools of bones and sharpened stones．Unfortunately when Japan invaded China in 1937，excavations __7__(in, at) the Beijing Man Site stopped and most of the fossils disappeared，including a Beijing Man skull．They __8__ (never find)．After the People's Republic of China was established in 1949，the work started again and Zhoukoudian became an important tourist attraction．Zhoukoudian was 1isted __9__ a world heritage site in December 1987．It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asian societies，__10__(也) has provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution．
Part 2
Beijing Man Heritage Site in Danger
The Zhoukoudian Beijing Man Site is one of the most important world heritage sites in China．Since the discovery was __11__(done, made) in the 1920s，Zhoukoudian __12__ (become) an important place __13__ (to, for, with) archaeologists from all over the world．At the site in the south—west suburb of Beijing，there is，for example，the earliest evidence of __14__ (人类用火)．It __15__ (also prove) that people lived there continuously between 500，000 and 10，000 years ago．
Today, however, Zhoukoudian is in serious danger．Parts of the cave have been badly affected by rain and exposure __16__ the air．Some areas are almost completely covered __17__ (by, with, in) weeds，causing serious damage．Pollution from nearby cement factories has also __18__ (led, added up, contributed) to the problem．
The site is extremely expensive to maintain and it will cost between three and five million yuan to repair it．__19__ (目前)，visitors are not allowed to visit the caves．
Zhoukoudian is on the World Cultural Heritage List，organized by UNESCO，the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization．The list is constantly checked．Any site which is seriously damaged or which is not properly protected is an __20__ (dangerous, endangered) heritage，and UNESCO is very quick to do something about situations like this．They have recommended that the site __21__ (was, should be) closed and repaired．If nothing is done to repair it，it could be removed from the list．
This is a very serious __22__ (event, affair, matter) and __23__ (中科院) is trying to raise public awareness about it．They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help __24__ the problem．A professor at the Academy has proposed that __25__ (建立一个基金会) to raise money．
Dr Zhu Ming of the Academy said，“We have requested that the government __26__ (gets, get) involved，but we also need assistance __27__ (of, from, with) ordinary people．They can help by __28__ (为……做贡献) the cost of repairing the caves．They are a precious part of our cultural heritage—it is __29__ vital importance that we do something．__30__ (否则), it will be a catastrophe.”
答案：1. China's 2. sites 3. on the northern face 4. the life span 5. to 6. from 7. at
8. have never been found 9. as 10. but also 11. made 12. has become 13. for 14.
the use of fire by humans 15. has also been proved 16. to 17. in 18. contributed
19. At the moment 20. endangered 21. should be 22. matter 23. the Chinese Academy of Sciences 24.with 25. a fund be established 26. get 27. from 28. contributing to
29. of 30. If not
Book Eight Module 1
Antarctica：the Last Continent
1
Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth．It's also the driest．__1__ annual rainfall __2__ (near, next, close) to zero，Antarctica is technically a desert．__3__ (覆盖) about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole，it is the fifth largest continent in the world．A high mountain range，the Trans—Antarctic range，__4__ (goes, runs, spread) from east to west，__5__ (将该大陆一分为二)．There are volcanoes too，but they are not very active．Antarctica __6__ (has, keeps, holds) 90％of the world's ice, and most of its fresh water(70％)is __7__ a frozen state，of course．98％of the surface is covered permanently __8__ (by, with, in) the ice cap．__9__ average it is two kilometres thick，but in some places it reaches a depth of five kilometres．Strong winds driven by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline，while other winds blow __10__ (from, round) the coast．It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable place.
2
Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife，which __11__ (已适应了) its extreme conditions．There are different types of penguins，flying birds，seals，and whales．But the long Antarctic winter night，which lasts for 182 days(the longest period of continuous darkness on earth)，__12__ (和) the extreme cold and lack of rainfall，means__13__ (请找出means的主语) that few types of plants can survive there．Only two types of __14__ (flower, flowering) plants are found，while there are no trees on the large continent．The rest of the plants __15__ (由……构成) mosses，algae and lichen．Some forms of algae have adapted to grow on ice．
3
Most of the ice __16__ (be) there for thousands of years．As a result，it has become a window __17__ (to, of, on) the past，and can give researchers lots of useful information．Gases and minerals，__18__ (at, in, with) the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice，can tell us a lot about what the world's climate was like in past ages．Antarctic rocks are also very important for research．Most of them are meteorites from outer space．One rock，known as the“Alien”rock， may __19__ (include, contain) evidence of extra．terrestrial life．Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour, they stand out __20__ (of, against, to, with) the white background and are easy to identify and collect．
4
Antarctica was __21__(最后发现的大陆)．But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which balanced the land in the north．They called it Anti—Arktikos，or Antarctica：the opposite of Arctic．When Europeans discovered the continent of America in the 15th century, the great age of exploration began．However，progress to the South Pole was slow．__22__ (直到18世纪后期) did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle，but he never saw land．Then in 1895，a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set __23__ (a foot, foot, feet) on the Antarctic mainland．The race to the pole __24__ (begin)．It was finally reached on 11th December,191l by the Norwegian Roald Amundsen．
5
Today scientists from many countries travel to Antarctica to study its resources．A spirit of international friendship has replaced the rivalry that existed __25__ (in, among, between) many of the earlier explorers．In 1961，a treaty was signed by 12 countries，including Britain，France，and the USA，__26__ (making, made, to make) Antarctica the world's biggest nature reserve．The aim of the treaty is to prevent the commercial and military use of the continent．In particular，it aims to keep Antarctica free __27__ nuclear tests and radioactive waste；to promote international scientific projects；and to end arguments about who owns the land．Today countries __28__(代表百分之八十世界人口的) have signed the treaty．Antarctica __29__ (is becoming, will become, has become) perhaps the most successful symbol of man's efforts to work together __30__ progress and peace．
答案：1. With 2. close 3. Covering 4. runs 5. cutting the continent in two 6. holds
7. in 8. in 9. On 10. round 11. has adapted to 12. as well as 13. night 14. flowering
15. are made up of 16. has been 17. on 18. in 19. contain 20. against 21. the last continent to be discovered 22. Not until the late 18th century 23. foot 24. had begun
25. between 26. making 27. from 28. representing 80％of the world's population
29. has become 30. for
Book Eight Module 2
The Renaissance
For many people，the Renaissance means 14thto 16th __1__ (centuries, century) Italy, and the developments __2__ art and architecture，music and literature which took place there at that time．But there is __3__ (一件作品) which，perhaps more than any other, expresses the spirit of the Renaissance：the Mona Lisa．It is believed to be __4__ (新生活的最佳代表)—like style of painting that amazed people when it was first used．__5__ (Having been painted, Painted) by Leonardo da Vinci in the years 1503-1506，the Mona Lisa is a mysterious masterpiece．People want to know who Mona Lisa is，and why she is smiling．Even if people do not know much __6__ the Renaissance，they __7__ (听说了) this painting．
But the Renaissance is，of course，__8__ (不仅仅) Mona Lisa．Renaissance is a French word which means “rebirth” and it first appeared in English in the19th century．The word was used to describe a period in European history which began __9__ the arrival of the first Europeans in America，__10__ (一个探索的年代)，and the beginning of the modern world．It was as if Europe __11__ (wake up) after the long sleep __12__ (in, of, with) the Middle Ages．From Italy, the ideas of the Renaissance rapidly __13__ (was spread, spread) northwards to France，Germany, England，and the rest of Europe．
__14__ (Trading, Trade) with other parts of the world meant that Europe was getting __15__ (richer, rich)，too．This meant that people had money to spend __16__ the arts；and __17__ (it, this, that) became easier for artists to find people who could afford to buy their works __18__ (and, or) employ them．Leonardo worked for important people such as the Duke of Milan，and，towards the end of his life，the King of France．
Renaissance artists found new ideas __19__ (to, for, from) their work in classical Greece and Rome．But they __20__ (展望未来)，too，__21__ (through, with, by) opening new frontiers in the arts．__22__ discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light；__23__ put different voices together and created polyphony(“many voices”; __24__ preferred designing buildings with more light which contrasted __25__ the heaviness of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages．
The sense of exploration which motivated the artists went hand in hand __26__ (to, with, for) a new type of philosophy．After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was considered __27__ little value __28__(compare) with the greatness of God，philosophers began asking questions like “What is a person?” or “Why am I here?”__29__ (首次)，they put people，not religion，at the centre of the universe．
The Renaissance was a time of __30__ (science, scientific) invention，too．Leonardo，__31__ (也是) one of the greatest painters the world __32__ (ever know)，was also a skilled inventor．Wherever he went he carried a notebook around with him，in which he wrote down his ideas．They included __33__ (detail) drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build canals and bridges，and astonishing __34__ (paintings, pictures, drawings) of machines which were not to be built until hundreds of years later，such as aeroplanes， parachutes，submarines and tanks．Towards the end of his life he was employed by the King of France to do scientific research，and he did not have a lot of time for __35__ (paint, painting)．
In short，Leonardo was an extraordinary genius，an example of what has been described __36__ “Renaissance man”：someone interested __37__ (interested在这里作A.定语 B. 谓语)in everything and with many different talents．But even if his only contribution __38__ history had been the Mona Lisa，it would have been genius enough for a11 time.
ple think a lot about food．In fact．I think that they are sometimes obsessed __1__ it．My first experience of this aspect of Chinese culture came __2__ (to, from, at) a banquet during a trip to Beijing in 1998．I __3__ (eat) Chinese food often, but I could not have imagined how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be．The first six or seven __4__ (plates, dishes) seemed to fill the table，with plates dangerously balanced __5__ (一个叠一个)．I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be served, and I started eating greedily. Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down, __6__ (continue) to chat．“They __7__ (没有太大的胃口)，”I thought．
To my surprise，__8__ (又上了许多道菜)，plus soups，side dishes，and desserts．There was enough to feed a whole army. No wonder my fellow guests __9__ (have) only a few bites of each dish；they knew what was still to come．But I was already so full that I could only watch __10__ (when, while, as) the banquet continued．
Another aspect of “food culture” is that the Chinese seem to eat almost every part of every animal--much __11__ the horror of many westerners．Stomach，intestines，ears，tongue，tail，hoof，and lungs are all likely to end up on the dinner table in front of you．The first time I saw a three—year-old kid cheerfully __12__ (chew) a chicken's head I had bad dreams for weeks.
These days I enjoy that sort of food myself．__13__ a recent trip to the United States I suddenly felt like some Chinese delicacies，and asked the guy at the meat counter of a supermarket，“Do you have pigs’ears?”“No,” he said, __14__ (pull) at his own ear，“just these ordinary ones．”He __15__ (肯定在想) I was joking．
However, there are other kinds of foods that __16__ (用了更长的时间) for me to accept．The infamous choudoufu is an example．(The name says it all：“stinky tofu”．)Just when I got used to it，I found another variety on a trip to Hunan：deep—fried choudoufu，a horrible black substance that looked and smelled about as appetising as a burnt tennis shoe．Maybe I'1l get used to that, too—someday
Passage 2
The first time I ate British food I was in the canteen of a London publisher．Some people __17__ (只是坐在沙发上吃)．I was amazed __18__ their easy and graceful manner while I stood there __19__ (feel) somewhat confused by the food．At the counter there were colorful mixtures in eight or nine big boxes．__20__ (很难) to make out what they __21__ (included, contained)．The waiter put these foods inside bread or potatoes according to people's requirements．I still remember what I ate：a tuna fish and cheese sandwich．It didn’t actually taste bad，but __22__ (for, to) me the cold fish，cold cheese，and even the bread from the fridge, was a meal that would make you feel cold inside．Later．I __23__ (found, found out) that British people like cold food．Their salad， for example，is made from vegetables which are only washed before serving，__24__ (而) Chinese food is prepared more carefully．The Chinese have a __25__ (fixing, fixed) phrase“cold 1eftovers”．Cold food means poverty--you don’t give it to a guest! No wonder westerners 1ike Chinese food．
I also 1earned that the English like to mix food before serving it at the table．I once __26__ (要了) mushroom soup in a restaurant and was astonished when it was brought to the table．It seemed to be just a bowl of grey liquid and it was only after I had tasted it __27__ (when, that) I knew it was actually cooked with mushrooms．The things inside sandwiches and baked potatoes are also various kinds of mashed food，like __28__ (饺子馅) in Beijing．The food here goes __29__ (with, against) the Chinese sense of beauty and style at the dinner table．Chinese dishes can be photographed and have a nice appearance．We would never mash food __30__ an unrecognizable shape．
__31__ (另外)，the names of many kinds of English food are hard to remember．In fact，they often use French or Italian words．__32__ (And, But, So) one thing I do admire is the polite manner __33__ which British people eat，even if __34__ (there, it, that) is just a potato．
答案：1. with/by 2. at 3. had eaten 4. dishes 5. one on top of another 6. continuing
7. can’t have very big appetites 8. more dishes arrived 9. had had 10. as 11.
to 12. chewing 13. On 14. pulling 15. must have thought 16. have taken longer 17. just sat down on the sofa to eat 18. at 19. feeling 20. It was quite hard 21. contained
22. to 23. found out 24. while 25. fixed 26. ordered 27. that 28. the fillings of jiaozi 29. against 30. into 31. What's more 32. But 33. in 34. it
Book Eight Module 4
Which English?
When you __1__ (hear, receive) a phone call from a friend, how long does it __2__ (need, take, spend) you to know who it is? A few seconds, perhaps．__3__ (一个人的音质) and their choice of words make a person instantly recognizable，even though you can’t see him or her．__4__ (在这种意义上说) everybody's use of language—whether English，Chinese，or any other—is different．You could say that there are as many varieties of English，or any other language __5__ (to, for) that matter，__6__ there are speakers of it．
English is spoken as an official language in more than 60 countries across the world and it can __7__(be sounded, sound) very different from place to place．Pronunciation，as well as grammar and vocabulary, can change very quickly from one area to another．For example, __8__ (in, within) London the most famous dialect is cockney. It is only usually spoken by people from the east of that city so it is not the only form of English you will __9__ (speak, hear, write)．You can usually tell which part of the English—speaking world someone comes from __10__ (through, by, from, with) their accent，and there are some very recognizable accents all over Britain．It is also quite easy to __11__ (speak, say, make, tell) British and American English apart．
Although most people believe there is a right and a wrong way to speak English，there is not really a standard form that everyone can agree __12__ (to, with, on)．English spread across the world __13__ (through, more than, over) hundreds of years because of trade，exploration and business，and this process __14__(made, built, produced) many different Englishes．Professors of linguistics，writers and teachers all worry about providing a perfect model to __15__ (obey, follow, speak with) but as it is so __16__ (wide, widely) spoken，it has become impossible to say which English is“correct”and which is“incorrect”．Perhaps correctness doesn’t matter—as long as speakers can understand each other—__17__ (是交流说了算)
Australia
G'day! D'ya speak Strine? Or rather，Hello! Do you speak Australian? Australia is one of the youngest __18__ (countries, states, nations) in the world．The first English speakers arrived little more than 200 years ago--and they didn’t want to．Most of them were prisoners __19__ (sending, sent, to be sent) there to work．They came from all over Britain，but especially from Northern Ireland and the London area，__20__ (that, which) is why the Australian accent today has traces of both Irish and cockney speech patterns．The English speakers found __21__ (一种人) who __22__ (live)in Australia for more than 50，000 years—the Aborigines, and an extraordinary variety of wildlife，unique to the continent．Many of the Aboriginal words for these animals，such as kangaroo，koala and kookaburra soon passed into the language．
But the main differences __23__ Australian English and other varieties of English lie __24__ (at, in) the individual sounds and intonation patterns．Sometimes it is difficult for British and American people to understand the Australian accent，and mistakes are common．A few years ago a well—known English author was signing copies of his books in a Sydney bookshop．A customer came up to the author __25__ (hold) a copy of the book and said Emma Chissit．The author thought that Emma Chissit was the woman's name．But when he asked how to spell the name，__26__ (要是) the customer wanted him to write her name in the book(__27__ (献给)To Emma Chissit，with best wishes)，he realised that the customer __28__ (ask) the question：How much is it?
Jamaica and Singapore
Australian English comes directly from English spoken in Britain．But in other countries where English is spoken as a first language __29__ (情况就不是这样了)．The variety of English spoken in Jamaica，and other Caribbean countries，has some of the grammatical features of the African languages spoken by the ancestors of the Jamaican people，__30__ (结果) there is often no apostrophes(，s)(that woman house，instead of that woman's house)or no link verb or article(He good man，instead of He's a good man)．Another feature is the rhythm．It is the rhythm of rap music，which became popular in the US in the 1980s．
__31__ (在世界的另一方)，in Singapore，English is a second language，spoken by about half the population．Other languages include Malay and Chinese．Almost everyone in Singapore is bilingual，while some people speak three or four languages．The most common variety of English spoken is known __32__ (for, as) Singlish．Sentences in Singlish often end __33__ (by, in, with) the word lah．The variety has been influenced in particular by Malay and the Chinese dialect Hokkien(1anguage spoken in Minnan)，both in grammatical features and vocabulary．Today there is a debate in Singapore about which variety of English is the best：Singlish，or a variety __34__ (close, closer) to British English，which is the aim of the Speak Good English Movement __35__ (started, made, created) in 1999．
答案：1.receive 2. take 3. The quality of someone's voice 4. In this sense 5. for 6. as 7. sound 8. within 9. hear 10. by 11. tell 12. on 13. over 14. produced 15. follow
16. widely 17. it's communication that counts．18. nations 19. sent 20. which 21.
a people 22. had been living 23. between 24. in 25. holding 26. in case 27. To
28. had been asking 29. this is not the case 30. so that 31. 0n the other side of the world 32. as 33. with 34. closer 35. started/created
Book Eight Module 5
Space: the Final Frontier
part 1
Ever since Neil Armstrong first __1__ (put, set) foot on the Moon back on 21stJuly,1969，people __2__ (become) accustomed to the idea of space travel．Millions of people watched that first __3__ (登月) on television，their hearts in their mouths，__4__ (to aware, awaring, aware) of how difficult and dangerous an adventure it was，and what risks had to be __5__ (got, made, taken, had)．__6__ (As, With, For) Armstrong's now famous words：“That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，a dream was achieved．A1l three astronauts made it safely back to Earth，__7__ (use, used, using) a spaceship computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by the average school students today．
There were several more journeys into space __8__ (在随后的几年里) but the single spaceships were very expensive as they could not take off more than once．People were no longer so enthusiastic __9__ a space travel program that __10__(cost) the United States$10 million a day．__11__ (It, That) was until the arrival of the space shuttle—a spacecraft that could be used for several journeys．The first shuttle flight into space was the Columbia—__12__ (launching, launched) from the Kennedy Space Centre on 12th April, 1981．The aim of this flight was to test the new shuttle system，__13__ (going, to go) safely up into orbit and to return to the Earth for a safe landing．It was a success and a little more than a decade after Apollo 11’s __14__ (historical, historic) voyage，the Columbia made a safe，controlled，aeroplane—style landing __15__ (on, in) California．This was the start of a new age of space travel．
By the time the Challenger took off in 1986，the world seemed to __16__ (lose) its fear and wonder __17__ (at, for, with) the amazing achievement of people __18__ (to go, going) up into space．__19__ (And, But, So) this was going to be a special flight and so millions of people tuned in to witness the take—off on TV. An ordinary teacher, Christa McAuliffe，37，__20__ (她已婚，有两个孩子)，was to be the first civilian in space．She was going to give two fifteen—minute lessons __21__ (in, from) space．The first was to show the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked．The second was to describe the aims of the Challenger space program．Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and __22__ (show, feel, get, create) new interest in the space program．
Sadly she never came back to her classroom again，as the shuttle exploded just __23__ (in, during, over) a minute after taking off in Florida and all seven astronauts were killed．
__24__ (全世界都震惊了)—maybe they assumed this space flight __25__ (跟乘一次飞机一样没有危险)．But how wrong they were—__26__ (for, in, at) one moment excitement and success turned into fear and disaster．It was the worst space accident ever．As one Russian said at the time，“When something like this happens we are neither Russians nor Americans．We are just __27__ (human beings, people, persons) who have the same feelings．”
Part 2
I can remember that day so clearly，watching the take-off on TV at schoo1．There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger，and we were all very excited．We didn’t have much patience __28__ (to wait, waiting) for the launch．We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle．Then，little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky，followed by a cloud of white smoke．The Challenger __29__ (explode) in mid—air and we all started screaming．
It happened so quickly and everyone was in a state of shock．Like every schoolboy I had thought that __30__ (going, to go) into space as an astronaut must be the best job in the world. When I heard, a few weeks later, that the bodies of the astronauts and even the teacher’s lesson plans __31__ (find) at the bottom of the ocean．I was not so sure __32__ (它值不值得)．In spite of all our __33__ (advancing, advanced) technology, the world is still only __34__ (在起步阶段) of its voyage into space．
答案：1. set 2. have become 3. moon landing 4. aware 5. taken 6. With 7. using 8. over the next few years 9. about 10. was costing 11. That 12. launched 13. to go 14. historic 15. in 16. have lost 17. at 18. going 19. But 20. who was married with two children 21. from 22. create 23. over 24. The world was in shock 25. would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane 26. in 27. human beings 28. waiting
29. had exploded 30. going 31. had been found 32. it was worth it at a11 33. advanced
34. at the very beginning
Book Eight Module 6
The Golden Age of Chinese Poetry
1
The Tang Dynasty(618—907)was one of the great dynasties in Chinese history．It was a time of expansion．__1__ (在顶峰时期)，the country reached __2__ (远达) Siberia(now part of Russia)in the north，Korea in the east and Vietnam in the south．The Tang rulers also controlled the trade route known __3__ the Silk Road well into present—day Afghanistan．
2
Trade __4__(to, with, into) foreign countries created a tolerant and cosmopolitan culture．Persians，Arabs and Jews came to live in Chinese towns，bringing with them their own religions and customs．They were allowed to live __5__(like, in, on, as) communities governed by their own laws，and to __6__(create, change, keep) their traditional forms of entertainment such as music and dance，__7__ (它们影响了唐文化的发展)．But perhaps the biggest foreign influence came from Buddhism，whose origins were in India．At the same time foreigners who were educated at the Tang court __8__(brought, carried, took, got)the Chinese culture home with them．Soon Japan and Korea were organized __9__(to, on. in) the Tang model，while Chinese influence extended throughout Southeast Asia．
3
__10__ (文化的发展和科技进步是携手并肩的)．New discoveries were made in astronomy, geography and medicine．In 724 Seng Yixing measured the length of the sun’s shadow and the altitude of the North Pole．__11__(By, Under, With) Emperor Taizong(627～649)the government __12__(run, set up, opened) medical schools where specialist subjects were studied．The invention of printing about this time meant that knowledge could be recorded and shared __13__(like, as) never before．But it was not just scientific knowledge that could now __14__(cover, reach, interest) a wider audience．Printing also marked the beginning of the __15__ (gold, golden) age of literature--and literature，in the Tang Dynasty, meant poetry．
4
__16__(With, For, In) the beauty of its images and the range of topics，Tang poetry was better than everything that __17__ (come) before it．But how did this happen? __18__ (该问题的答案不是唯一的)．An explosion of talent，and the appearance of new forms were both important．In the“New Style Verse”which appeared during the Tang period，each line has five or seven syllables，and there are lots of rules which govern the tones．But __19__ (能写诗) was also an important qualification for people who wanted to become government officials．A good poet had a better chance of __20__ (looking for, finding, getting) a good job．So lots of people became interested in poetry．
5
One of the greatest of the Tang poets was Du Fu(712-770)．As a young man he travelled a lot and enjoyed painting and music，__21__ (和) writing poetry．But during his lifetime he never became famous；in fact，he thought of himself as a failure．It was only in the 11th century __22__ (when, that) his poetic genius was recognized．Sometimes he is called the “poet of history” or “the mirror of his time” because he paints a __23__(real, realistic) picture of the problems of the age in which he lived．These include the sufferings of the poor，and the corruption of the rich．He also writes about his own problems，including his son's death．Du Fu is also known for his friendship with Li Bai(701-762)，another great poet of the age．The two men met in 744，and although very different, they became friends．They each wrote poems to __24__(the other, each other)．
6
Li Bai，the son of a wealthy merchant，grew up in Sichuan Province．As he was not so successful as some of the other young men of his time in the Civil Service Examination to become a government __25__(officer, official)，he began a life of travel and poetry, __26__(to write, writing) more than a thousand poems．He used __27__ (简洁，直白的语言) and often chose irregular forms．If Du Fu was a realist，then Li Bai was a romantic．He wrote about nature and people __28__(in, with, at) the same depth of feeling．Friendship，the human condition，and the pleasures of wine，are his favorite subjects．__29__(据说) he drowned when he fell into a river while trying to __30__ (捞) the reflection of the Moon
答案：1. At its high point 2. as far as 3. as 4. with 5. in 6. keep 7. which influenced the development of Tang culture 8. took 9. on 10. Cultural development went hand in hand with technological progress 11. Under 12. opened 13. as 14. reach 15. golden
16. In 17. had come 18. There is no single answer to the question 19. being able to write poetry 20. finding, getting 21. as well as 22. that 23. realistic 24. the other 25. official 26. writing 27. simple，direct language 28. with 29. It is said that 30. take hold of
