爱华网Lesson27 The 'Vasa'
“瓦萨”号
27-1.From the seventeenth-century empire of Sweden, the story of agalleon that sank at the start of her maiden voyage in 1628 must beone of the strangest tales of the sea.
【译文】1628年，一艘大帆船在处女航时就沉没了，这个从17世纪瑞典帝国流传至今的故事无疑是航海史上最离奇的事件之一。
【理解】
★ that 引导了一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 galleon。
★ the maiden voyage的意思是“处女航，首航”。英语常用人称代词指代非人类的事物或动物。用“她”指代能包容或孕育他物的事物，如：earth, river,country, hometown, motherland 等。
27-2.For nearly three and a halfcenturies she lay at the bottom of Stockholm harbour until herdiscovery in 1956.
【译文】这艘大船在斯德哥尔摩港口的海底躺了将近3个半世纪，直到1956年才被发现。
【理解】
★ she 指“瓦萨”号帆船。英语中多用代词she 指代船只。
★ her discovery 指 the discovery ofVasa。
27-3.This was the Vasa, royal flagshipof the great imperial fleet.
【译文】这就是“瓦萨”号，帝国大舰队的皇家旗舰。
【理解】
★ royal flagship ofthe great imperial fleet 是the Vasa的同位语
★ the great imperialfleet 帝国舰队
27-4.King Gustavus Adolphus, 'TheNorthern Hurricane', then at the height of his military success inthe Thirty Years' War, had dictated her measurements andarmament.
【译文】当时号称“北方飓风”的国王古斯塔夫斯.阿道尔弗正处在“三十年战争”的军事鼎盛阶段，他亲自规定了这艘船的规模和武器配备。
【理解】
★ 'The NorthernHurricane' 是 King Gustavus Adolphus 的同位语。
★ the Thirty Years'War 三十年战争
★ at the height of……在… …高度，在… …顶峰，如：
It flew at a height of ten thousandfeet. 它在一万英尺的高空飞行。
27-5.Triple gun-decks mountedsixty-four bronze cannon.
【译文】3层的火炮甲板上装着64门青铜加农炮
★ mount 动词：架有
★ cannon的复数形式加“s”或其本身均可。
27-6.She was intended to play a leadingrole in the growing might of Sweden.
【译文】目的就是要在不断增长的瑞典势力中起主导作用。
【理解】
★ intend to do打算做某事，如：
I don’t think she intended me to hearthe remark. 我认为她不打算让我听到这话。
★ 动词词组to play a role意思是“扮演角色；起作用”，role 的前面可用形容词修饰。如：play a splendid (great , important, leading , etc ) role （起到很重要作用）。或 play a miner (unimportant,trifle ,etc .) role （作用甚微）。此词组后面通常与 in (doing) sth. 相搭配。如：
Tom played the role of the old king inour school play .
汤姆在我们学校演出的剧中扮演老国王的角色。
27-7.As she was prepared of her maidenvoyage on August 10, 1628, Stockholm was in a ferment.
【译文】1628年8月10日，“瓦萨”号准备首航时，斯德哥尔摩一片欢腾。
【理解】
★ in a ferment一片欢腾
27-8.From the Skeppsbron andsurrounding islands the people watched this thing of beauty beginto spread her sails and catch the wind.
【译文】人们从斯开波斯布朗和周围的岛屿前来观着这艘美丽的战船扬帆起航，乘风前进。
【理解】
★ this thing 指战舰，her也指战舰。
★ watch + sb./sth. +do/doing ，二者的区别在于：do 表示动作发生的事实，而 doing 表示动作正在发生。
27-9.They had laboured for three yearsto produce this floating work of art; she was more richly carvedand ornamented than any previous ship.
【译文】瑞典人辛辛苦苦干了3年才建成这件水上艺术品，它比以往任何船只雕刻得都更加精美，装饰得都更加华丽。
【理解】
★ this floating workof art 指“瓦萨”号，意即“水上艺术品”。
27-10.The high stern castle was a riotof carved gods, demons, knights, kings, warriors, mermaids,cherubs; and zoomorphicanimal shapes ablaze with red and gold and blue, symbols ofcourage, power, and cruelty, were portrayed to stir theimaginations of the superstitious sailors of the day.
【译文】高耸的船楼上雕刻了令人眼花缭乱的神仙、妖魔、骑士、国王、武士、美人鱼和小天使，还有用红色、金黄色、蓝色绘制的光彩夺目的兽形图案，象征着勇敢、力量和残暴，以激起当时崇尚迷信的水手们的想像。
【理解】
★该句由两个并列分句组成，这两个分句由分号分开。
★ ablaze with在课文里面作定语，修饰 zoomorphic animal shapes 。
★ symbols of courage,power, and cruelty 作 zoomorphic animal shapes 的同位语。
★ zoomorphic animalshapes 作第二个分句的主语，该句的谓语是 were portrayed。
★ to stir theimaginations of the superstitious sailors of the day 是目的状语。
27-11.Then the cannons of the anchoredwarships thundered a salute to which the Vasa fired in reply.
【译文】这时，停泊在港口的其他战船向“瓦萨”号鸣炮致礼，“瓦萨”号也鸣炮回礼。
【理解】
★ to which the Vasafired in reply 作定语从句，修饰a salute
★ thunder常用作名词，意思是“雷电”，但此处作动词，意思是“鸣炮”。英语中像这样具有动词和名词性的词还有许多，注意下列黑体词的含义：
There are no stops on the run(n.) to the coast. 在去海滨的路上没有站。
She can’t attend the formal partybecause she has only a suit for everyday wear (n.)
她不能去参加那个正式的宴会，因为她只有一套家常穿衣服。
Prof. Jackson’s personal pictureexhibition is housed (v.) in that building.
杰克逊教授的个人画展设在那座楼里。
★ in reply作为回答，如：
The teacher nodded in reply.老师点头作为回答。
27-12.As she emerged from her driftingcloud of gun smoke with the water churned to foam beneath her bow,her flags flying, pennants waving, sails filling in the breeze, andthe red and gold of her superstructure ablaze with colour, shepresented a more majestic spectacle than Stockholmers had ever seenbefore.
【译文】当“瓦萨”号从弥漫的礼炮烟云中出现时，船头下浪花加溅，舰旗迎风招展，三角旗随风飘动，微风鼓起风帆，金碧辉煌的船楼闪耀着灿烂的色彩。“瓦萨”号展现的壮观景象是斯德哥尔摩人从未见过的。
【理解】
★ As 引导的是时间状语从句。
★ 该从句中的 with thewater churned…, her flags flying, pennants waving, sails filling…,and the red and gold… ablaze with colour 为5个独立主格结构，均作方式状语，修饰动词emerged。这5个独立主格结构生动形象地将但时“瓦萨”号刚启航时的壮丽场面表现出来。
★ 该句的主语是 shepresented … before。
★ than引导比较状语从句，该连词后面省略了 that。
27-13.All gun-ports were open and themuzzles peeped wickedly from them.
【译文】船上的炮眼都开着，炮口虎视眈眈地向外窥视着。
【理解】
★ 本句运用了拟人的修辞方法。
27-14.As the wind freshened there camea sudden squall and the ship made a strange movement, listing to port.
【译文】当风力增强时，突然刮来一阵大风，“瓦萨”号奇怪地摇晃了一下，便向左舷倾斜。
【理解】
★ there came a suddensquall 该句为 there 引导的句子。通常 there 与 be 动词连用，表示“存在”。此外 there还可以同其它动词连用，如：arise、come、 exist 、rise、 go、lie、 live 、remain 、seem、stand 等动词连用，如：
There seems to be a problem.好像有一个问题。
There came the crack of a shot.传来一声枪响。
★ listing to port作结果状语，修饰 made a strange movement。
27-15.The Ordnance Officer ordered allthe port cannon to be heaved to starboard to counteract the list,but the steepening angle of the decks increased.
【译文】炮长命令把左舷上所有大炮搬到右舷上来以抵消船的倾斜，但甲板的倾斜度仍在增加。
【理解】
★ to be heaved tostarboard 作宾语all the port cannon 的补足语。
★ to counteract thelist 作目的状语，修饰 to be heaved。
27-16.Then the sound of rumblingthunder reached the watchers on the shore, as cargo, ballast,ammunition and 400 people went sliding and crashing down to theport side of the steeply listing ship.
【译文】当物口、压舱物、弹药和400个人轰地一声滑向陡斜的左舷时，岸上的观众听到了雷鸣般的轰响。
【理解】
★ as 引导时间状语从句。
★ sliding andcrashing 现在分词作方式状语，修饰 went，意即“轰的一声滑倒”。
27-17.The lower gun-ports were nowbelow water and the inrush sealed the ship's fate.
【译文】下层炮眼已淹没在水里，涌进船舱的水给“瓦萨”号带来了难以逃脱的厄运。
【理解】
★ fate , destiny 和doom 都含“命运”的意思。
27-18.In that first glorious hour, themighty Vasa, which was intended to rule the Baltic, sank with allflags flying-in the harbour of her birth.
【译文】就这样，想要统治波罗的海的大型战舰“瓦萨”号，在它壮丽的起航时刻，带着全身飘扬的彩旗，沉没在了它诞生的港口。
【理解】
★ which引导的是非限制性定语从句。with all flags flying为独立主格结构，作方式状语。破折号用来起强调作用，强调就是在她诞生的港口沉没。in the harbour of her birth为介词短语，作地点状语。
