美国看病常识--常见血液检查及参考值(中英对照)--2ZT 恶魔血液

4. Liver Function Tests(肝功能检查):

Standard Liver Panel(标准肝功能检查)

test

中文

Reference range
in US Units

Reference Range
in SI Units

Albumin (Alb)白蛋白

3.5--5.0 g/dL

35--50 g/L

Alanine transaminase (ALT) or (SGPT)谷丙转氨酶/谷氨酸转氨酶

9--60 U/L

9--60 U/L

Aspartate transaminase (AST) or(SGOT)天冬氨酸氨基转移酶

10--40 U/L

10--40 U/L

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)碱性磷酸酶

30--120 U/L

30--120 U/L

Total bilirubin (TBIL)

总胆红素

0.1--1.2 mg/dL

1.7--20.4 µmol/L

Direct bilirubin直接胆红素

0--0.3 mg/dL

0--5.1 µmol/L

Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)

γ-谷氨酰转肽酶

0--51 U/L

0--51 U/L



5. ProteinTests(蛋白质检查)

test

中文

Reference range
in US Units

Reference Range
in SI Units

Human serumalbumin人血白蛋白

3.5--5.0 g/dL

35--50 g/L

Serum totalprotein血清总蛋白

6.5--8.5 g/dL

65--85 g/L



6. Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)(综合代谢检查):

是一组有十四项的常规血液化学检查。BMP(八项)+ Protein Tests(Human serumalbumin,Serum total protein)+ LiverFunction Tests(ALP,ALT,AST,Bilirubin)。目的是检查肝肾功能、电解质和体液平衡。具体请看1.BMP, 4. Liver Function Tests5. ProteinTests 表里相关的值,这里不再列表赘述。


7. Iron Tests(检查血中的铁):

是测定血中铁的含量、血液运输铁的能力和铁的儲存量。用于各型贫血的鉴别诊断(如:缺铁性贫血、再生障碍性贫血、铁粒幼红细胞贫血和慢性溶血性贫血等)。需空腹12小时抽静脉血检查。

test

中文

Reference range
in US Units

Reference Range
in SI Units

Serum iron血清铁(血液内游离的铁离子)

Male: 65-177 μg/dL;
Female: 50-170 μg/dL

Male: 11.6-31.7 µmol/L; Female: 9.0-30.4 μmol/L

TIBC(Total iron-binding capacity)血清总铁结合力/血清运铁容量240--450 µg/dL43.0--80.6 µmol/L
UIBC(Unsaturated iron-binding capacity)未饱和铁结合力The UIBC is calculated by subtracting the serum iron from theTIBC.UIBC= TIBC- Serum iron
Transferrin saturation
(= Serum iron/ TIBC)
运铁蛋白饱和度Male: 20-50%;
Female: 15-50%
Serum Ferritin血清铁蛋白(血液内结合状态的铁,检查体内铁缺乏的最灵敏的指标)Males: 20--250 ng/mL; Females: 12--250 ng/mLMales: 20--250 µg/L;
Females: 12--250 µg/L


8. Lipid profile(Lipid panel)(血脂检查) :

高血脂增加心血管疾病的风险。需空腹12小时抽静脉血检查。

test

中文

Reference range
in US Units

Reference Range
in SI Units

Total cholesterol总胆固醇recommended <200 mg/dL;
moderate risk 200--239 mg/dL;
美国看病常识--常见血液检查及参考值(中英对照)--2ZT 恶魔血液
high risk >240 mg/dL.
<5.2 mmol/L;
5.2--6.2 mmol/L;
>6.24 mmol/L
High density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C)
(good cholesterol )
高密度脂蛋白胆固醇
(好胆固醇)
major risk factor <40 mg/dL;
negative risk factor >59 mg/dL
x 0.026=mmol/L
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDL-C)
(bad cholesterol )
低密度脂蛋白胆固醇
(坏胆固醇)
recommended <129 mg/dL;
moderate risk 130--159 mg/dL;
high risk >159 mg/dL.
x 0.026=mmol/L
Triglycerides三酸甘油酯/甘油三酯recommended 30--149 mg/dL
(<160)
x 0.011=mmol/L

9.Thyroid function test(甲状腺功能检查):

test

中文

Reference range
in US Units

Reference Range
in SI Units
Interpretation
TSH
(Thyroid-stimulating hormone)/Serum thyrotropin
甲状腺刺激激素/促甲状腺素0.4--6 mIU/L
0.3 to 3.0 mIU/L(as of 2003 )
0.4--6 mIU/L
<0.4(低) ---possiblehyperthyroidism(甲亢) ;
>6(高)---hypothyroidism(甲减).
Note: theAmerican Association of Clinical Endocrinologists has revised theseguidelines as of early 2003, narrowing the range to .3 to3.0.
T3 / Serum triiodothyronine血清三碘甲状腺素80 to 220 ng/dL1.23--3.39 nmol/L<80(低)---hypothyroidism(甲减);
>220(高)---Pregnancy,hyperthyroidism(甲亢)
Total T4 / Serum thyroxine血清甲状腺素4.5--12.5 µg/dL
58.5--162.5 nmol/L<4.5 can be indicative of an underfunctioningthyroid when TSH is also elevated.
>12.5(高)---hyperthyroidism(甲亢).
Low T4 with low TSH can sometimes indicate a pituitaryproblem.
Free T4 / Free Thyroxine游离甲状腺0.7 to 2.0
ng/dL
9.0--25.8
pmol/L
<0.7 ---possible hypothyroidism(甲减)


10.Clotting factor(凝血因子):

test

中文

Reference range
in US Units

Clinical significance

Prothrombin time

凝血酶原时间

12–15 seconds

Prolonged by deficiency of factors I,II,V,VII, and X, fatmalabsorption, severe liver disease, coumadin anticoagulanttherapy.
INR
(international normalized ratio )
国际标准化比值1.0
2--3 for therapy in atrial fibrilation,deep veinthrombosis,and pulmonary embolism;
2.5--3.5 for therapy in prostheticheart valves
INR used to standardize the prothrombin time andanticoagulation therapy.
Partial thromboplastin time (activated)活化部分凝血激酶时间

25--30 seconds

Prolonged in deficiency of fibrinogen,factors II,V,VIII,IX,X,XI, and XII,and in heparin therapy.
Thrombin time凝血酶时间

10--15 seconds

Prolonged by heparin, fibrin degradation products, lupusanticoagulant.


11.Cardiac marker(心脏病指标) :

虽然仍有医院、有医生在做CPK-MB test,但这里只介绍一个目前被认为是检测急性心肌梗塞(Acute MyocardialInfarction)最灵敏的检测法---Troponin test(Troponin I onset: 4-6hrs, peak: 12-24 hrs, return to normal: 4-7 days).

Troponin I ReferenceRange

Interpretation (判读)

0.00--0.09

Normal

0.10--0.60

Possible indication of myocardial damage, unstale angina,congestive heart failure, myocarditis, cardiac surgery or invasivetesting. Clinical correlation is required.

>0.60

May indicate significant myocardial injury. Clinicalcorrelation is required.


12.Cancer marker(癌症指标):

test

中文

Reference range
in US Units

Clinical significance

AFP (Alpha fetoprotein)甲胎蛋白<10 µg/LOften elevated in liver cancers (hepatocellular) and testicularcancers (non-seminomatous). Raised levels are also present duringpregnancy or some gastrointestinal cancers.
CA 15-3CA 15-3<30 IU/LIncreased in metastatic breast. Raised levels are also presentin other non-malignant conditions (eg. cirrhosis, benign diseasesof ovaries & breast).
CA 19-19CA 19-19<37 IU/LIncreased in pancreatic,hepatobiliary,gastric,and colorectalcancer,gallstones .Its level is best evaluated along with CEAmarker test.
CA125CA125<35 IU/LIncreased in colon, upper gastrointestinal(GI),ovarian, andother gynecologic cancers; during menstruation,pregnancy orindividuals with ovarian cysts,pericarditis,hepatitis,cirrhosis ofthe liver or peritonitis.
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)癌胚抗原0-2.5 µg/L(nonsmoker);
0-5 µg/L(smoker)
CEA was first identified in colon cancer. Elevated CEA levelsare found in a variety of cancers other than colonic, includingpancreatic, gastric, lung, and breast. It is also detected inbenign conditions including cirrhosis, inflammatory bowel disease,chronic lung disease, and pancreatitis.
PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen)前列腺特异性抗原0-4 ng/mlPSA is prostate-specific, not cancer-specific. A variety ofconditions can raise PSA levels: prostatitis (prostateinflammation), benign prostatic hypertrophy (prostate enlargement),and prostate cancer.


ZT:闽姑

  

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