铝、铜等金属电阻率电导率随温度变化公式系数ZZ 电阻率电导率单位换算

此文章转自Simwe论坛Ansoft版主Perch88博客，很有用故转载，英文原文来自：http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Materials/Physical_Chemical/Electrical.htm

在2个温度下，电阻和电阻率的关系如下：R₁ = R₂ * [1 + a *(T₁–T₂)]
其中的温度系数a请按原文中表（本文最后）查询：
举例：
问题：25^oC电阻率是2.706 x10^-8 a = 0.0043/^oC，请问20 ^oC时的电阻率是多少?

答案：R₁ = R₂ * [1 + a *(T₁–T₂)]

把下列参数带入上式：
R₂ = 2.706 x 10^-8 ohm meters (measuredresistivity at 25 ^oC)
a= 0.0043/ ^oC
T₁ = 20 ^oC
T₂ = 25 ^oC

得到：

R₁ = 2.706 x 10^-8ohm meters * [1 + 0.0043/^oC * (20 ^oC – 25 ^oC)]

= 2.648 x10^-8ohm meters

可以看出，温度越低，电阻率也就越低。或者说，温度越高，导体的导电性就越差，电阻就越大，通过相同电流时，损耗（一般导线材料是铜，因此也叫铜损）也就越大，这是在很多涉及到导线的设计时都需要考虑的问题。

Since conductivity is simply the inverse of resistivity, thetemperature coefficient is the same for conductivity and theequation requires only slight modification. The equationbecomes:

s₁ = s₂ / [1 + a *(T₁–T₂)]

Where: s₁ = conductivity value adjusted toT₁
s₂ = conductivity value known or measured at temperatureT₂
a = Temperature Coefficient
T₁ = Temperature at which conductivity value needs to beknown

T₂ = Temperature at which known or measured value wasobtained

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